expenditures and revenues for the ensuing fiscal year. In modern industrial economies‚ the budget is the key instrument for the execution of government economic policies. Because government budgets may promote or retard economic growth in certain areas of the economy and because views about priorities in government spending differ widely‚ government budgets are the focus of competing political interests. The budget has been announced with eight major objectives including creating employments‚ maintaining
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NTPC (NATIONAL THERMAL POWER CORPORATION) INTRODUCTION: NTPC Limited is the largest thermal power generating company of India. A public sector company‚ it was incorporated in the year 1975 to accelerate power development in the country as a wholly owned company of the Government of India. At present‚ Government of India holds 89.5% of the total equity shares of the company and the balance 10.5 is held by FIIs. Domestic Banks‚ Public and others. Within a span of 31 years‚ NTPC has emerged as
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Personal Budget Exercise – Excel Creating a spreadsheet track personal business expenses is an excellent use of Microsoft Excel. For this exercise‚ you will create a spreadsheet to enter a personal budget and track actual expenses for the year. You may choose to use real data or create a fictitious budget using a monthly income amount of $2‚500. Here are suggested budget categories if you are not using a real budget. At a minimum‚ you must have 9 budget categories: Housing (mortgage or rent) Utilities
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Budget Interpretation Budgets help to bring spending under control and lead the way for the development of plans that enable an organization to become or remain fiscally sound. For an organization to develop or maintain financial stability‚ it must understand the purpose of budgeting and how to apply the various budgeting techniques that will help promote and expand the business. Budgeting requires organizations to use financial projections to attract investors and secure grants or donations‚ which
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BUDGET PROCESS The budget combined with individual objectives or targets provides the basis on which employees need to be motivated and stretched. In the absence of such a structure‚ spending may become higher than necessary and the extra effort required to help bring in the required revenue may not be made. As the budget can be seen as a constraint on a department’s or an individual’s activities‚ it may not always be warmly embraced. Therefore the motivational aspect needs to be carefully managed
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1. There are many criticisms about budget‚ but using budget can increase sales‚ decentralize and empower to lower level. According to the reading articles‚ budgetary can replace the fixed performance target with openness and transparency. And also management can give employees more freedom to manage. For example‚ Musimundo did not have budget before 2004. After 2004‚ it had established budget system. The budget was separated in two ways which were bottom-up and top-down. Employees who are at the
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ADMINISTERING THE BUDGET A budget is a written financial plan for business operations developed for a specific period of time. Budgets are often developed for six months or a year but can cover a longer or shorter time period depending on the type of budget and the nature of the business. Because a budget is an estimate of what might happen‚ it usually cannot be followed exactly. Staying close to the amount budgeted is desirable. However‚ for various reasons beyond the control of managers‚ actual
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The case titled The Theatre Budget was a short journal about a frustrated Vice-President of a performing arts theatre that had a Board of Directors more concerned about artistic values than how they would pay the bills. Janet Dobbs was Vice President for Administration and President-elect for this small taxexempt organization called the Greater Euclid Little Theater (GELT). It is obvious in the case that there is a divide between industries; business administration/accounting and the arts. One
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Running head: Budget Development Analysis Budget Development Analysis University of Phoenix Education Finance and Budgeting/EDA 538 Dr. Pamela Wilkins March 21‚ 2009 Budget Development Analysis The budget of a school is potentially the most important step in the daily operation of a school district. Every decision that is made affects staff‚ students‚ programs‚ services and daily operations at the core of the school environment. Every decision can affect the success or failure
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The Public Budget Cycle of the Bureau of Prisons Name: Institution Affiliation: Course: Date: The bureau of prisons is a program that was established in 1930. Its main purpose was to offer inmates in federal prisons more progressive and humane care. As an agency of the Department of Justice‚ it has the sole purpose of confining offenders and facilitating their correction. Ultimately‚ this results in the agency protecting the society. (Behren & Korfona‚ 2002) However‚ the agency faces certain
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