Question I Give definition of earning management. Discuss in what instances is earnings managementacceptable and in what instances is it not acceptable. Before defining what earnings management is‚ it is important to understand the meaningof earnings first. Earnings are the profits of a company. Investors and analysts look to earningsto determine the attractiveness of a particular share. Companies with poor earnings prospectswill typically have lower share prices than those with good prospects
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Enron Summery of Enron case The Enron scandal has far-reaching political and financial implications. In just 15 years‚ Enron grew from nowhere to be America’s seventh largest company‚ employing 21‚000 staff in more than 40 countries. But the firm’s success turned out to have involved an elaborate scam. Enron lied about its profits and stands accused of a range of shady dealings‚ including concealing debts so they didn’t show up in the company’s accounts. As the depth of the deception
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Enron a Case Study Enron‚ once known as the worldwide leader in energy trading‚ began as a natural gas pipeline company. “At its peak‚ Enron brokered up to 20 percent of America’s energy transactions. These included basic contracts to deliver natural gas from wells to pipelines for distribution to homes‚ contracts for the purchase of electrical power facility out port‚ and more complex financial contracts‚ which allowed power companies to manage price and market risk” (Ackman)
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Enron case 1. What activities and practices of Enron’s management team do you believe were unethical and/ or illegal? Concealing debt By using SPEs‚ Enron’s balance sheet understated its liabilities and overstated its equity and earnings. Enron disclosed to its shareholders that it had hedged downside risk in its illiquid investments using special purpose entities which were lies. Enormous spending Extravagant expenses were rampant in the company which included enormous salary expenses
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Module 6 Reporting and Analyzing Operating Assets DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Q6-1. When a company increases its allowance for uncollectible accounts‚ it also records bad debt expense in the income statement. If a company overestimates the allowance account‚ bad debt expense is too high and net income is understated. As well‚ accounts receivable (net of the allowance account) and total assets are both understated on the balance sheet. In future periods‚ the company will not need to add as much
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IBCCI’s Misgivings: Four major frauds explained in the Price Waterhouse report. 1. According to the Sandstorm Report‚ some $633 million of losses related to treasury trading. 2. Price Waterhouse had been doing its job‚ there’s no way that this $1 billion exposure [in BCCI’s Central Treasury] which was taken to $11 billion exposure in the course of 3 or 4 months [in 1985] could have happened. 3. All of BCCI’s serious treasury problems were related to the activities at Grand Cayman
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CASE STUDY: CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND THE FALL OF ENRON Introduction to the Enron Case Enron was one of the world’s leading energy traders born from deregulation of these markets in certain US states. It rapidly grew and the world followed suit. It was nominated ‘World’s Most Innovative Large Corporation’ six years in row and valued at 64 times its earnings and 6 times its book value. It had one of the highest paid CEOs in the world in 2000. It led an aggressive and apparently effective expansion
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Overview Enron Corporation‚ once the 7th largest company in US and a global leader of electricity and natural gas industries‚ filed for bankruptcy protection in late 2001. It was revealed that the company had been hiding investment losses and created fictitious revenue through several complicated accounting gimmicks. Besides Enron’s senior management who created the whole fiasco‚ many people believed that several other parties‚ such as the Board of Directors and the external auditors should also
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Enron‚ what caused the ethical collapse? Q1. What led to the eventual collapse of Enron under Lay and Skilling? A1. There are many reasons‚ which led to the collapse of Enron. With the senior leadership of the company not holding/staying true to the company’s code of ethics‚ not enforcing many laws (which led to the company violating those laws). Therefore‚ the inability of the senior leadership to ensure that there are not only written practices as to how business should be done‚ but actually
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CHAPTER 6 CASH TO ACCRUAL ACCOUNTING/ SINGLE ENTRY SYSTEM PROBLEMS 6-1. (BRAIN COMPANY) Capital‚ end Assets Less liabilities Capital‚ beginning Assets Less liabilities Increase in capital Additional investments Withdrawals Profit P609‚000 138‚000 P485‚000 94‚000 P471‚000 391‚000 P 80‚000 (70‚000) 120‚000 P130‚000 6-2. a. b. c. d. 6-3. 38‚900 + 13‚480 – 48‚200 = 4‚180 1‚160‚000 + 980‚000 – 700‚000 = 1‚440‚000 collections; 1‚440‚000 + 1‚660‚000 + 30‚000 – 1‚200‚000 = 1‚930‚000 210‚000 + 80‚000
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