Atherosclerosis: Vascular Disease Development and Progression Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease occurring in the arterial wall over many decades and is characterized by lesion formation and luminal narrowing of the arteries. Atherosclerosis is the most common disease of modern times. In symptomatical situations‚ arteriosclerosis can be obvious like coronary heart disease‚ myocardial infarction‚ peripheral arterial occlusion disease. The disease caused by narrowing of the artery and
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Case Study #1: Chronic Heart Failure Case study #1 (see attached) tells about a patient‚ Maria‚ who has a history of hypertension and high cholesterol and 30 pack a year smoking.i Although normally under control with medication‚ upon traveling by plane she experienced what she thought was new condition with new symptoms which would ultimately be diagnosed as chronic heart failure. Maria’s recent history showed that she was experiencing difficulty breathing on exertion‚ fatigue‚ abdominal bloating
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Pericardial effusion is an abnormal accumulation of fluid in the "sac-like structure" called‚ pericardial cavity. According to the article‚ "What to know: Pericardial Effusion‚" the pericardial fluid‚ "helps the heart move easier within the sac‚" (“Pericardial effusion”). This condition can result from many different reasons. "Inflammation of the pericardium following heart surgery or heat attack‚ autoimmune disorders‚ spread of cancer‚ viral or bacterial infections‚" (Clinic‚ 2016)‚ are all possible
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The word I chose to break down is Bradycardia. Brady which is the prefix and means slow. Cardi which is the root word and means heart. A which is the suffix and means a condition or state of. Bradycardia is a condition in which the heart rate is less than 60 beats a min. Bradycardia takes the form of sinus bradycardia‚ sinus arrhythmia‚ and second- or third-degree atrioventricular block. Sinus bradycardia may be caused by excessive vagal tone‚ decreased sympathetic tone‚ or anatomical changes. It
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Coronary arteries supply the heart with a constant supply of blood. These arteries are essential‚ providing oxygen and nutrients that keep the heart constantly pumping. Arteries have three layers including the external layer‚ tunica external‚ middle layer‚ tunica media and the inner layer‚ called the tunica intima. The outer layer is made up of connective tissue with elastic and collagenous fibers. Tunica media is the thickest layer composed of smooth muscle and can change the diameter of the arteries
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Ms. Boehmer has systolic heart failure. She has reported symptoms of dyspnea with exertions‚ orthopnea (evidenced by “sleeps on two pillows” at night)‚ fatigue (evidenced by “she often feels tired”) and edema (evidenced by “reports that ankles are often swollen in the evening”) alterations in urination (evidenced by “nocturia X 2 and reports she sometimes has a strong urge to void and does not always make it to the toilet in time”). Physical examinations demonstrate S3 gallop. Cardiomegaly is present
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Heart disease describes many conditions that affect a person’s heart. This includes many conditions from diseases of blood vessels‚ problems in heart rhythm‚ and conditions of heart defects (“Heart Disease”). More than 610‚000 people die each year because of heart disease and 735‚000 die of heart attacks‚ making heart disease the number one leading cause of the death in the U.S. (“Heart Disease Facts”). There are many causes that have been linked to heart disease such as high blood pressure‚ diabetes
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Studies show that approximately there is eight in one thousand babies born with Ventricular septal defect‚ VSD is a common complication in new born presented at child birth. Also a small percentage of adults can get Ventricular septal defect after a heart attack or surgery. VSD is detected mostly right after birth when a child is getting evaluation from a medical doctor. VSD is a treatable defect by surgery or also if the hole in the heart is small they can live with the condition for the rest of
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Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) and abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) are common and connected with significant morbidity and mortality among critically ill adults (1-4). The World Society of abdominal compartment syndrome (WSACS) accord report in 2004 indicated that in the critically ill patient‚ the IAP is frequently elevated above patient’s normal baseline which is roughly 5 to 7 mmHg (1‚3). Increased IAP or Intra-abdominal hypertension (IAH) described as a sustained or repeated pathological
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Venous Ulcer A venous ulcer is a shallow sore on your lower leg caused by poor circulation of the veins. This condition used to be called a stasis ulcer. Veins have valves that help blood return to the heart. If these valves do not work properly‚ blood flows backward and backs up into the veins near the skin. This causes the blood to pool in your lower legs. The blood can then can leak out of your veins and irritate your skin. This may cause a break in your skin and lead to stasis venous ulcer
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