Cardiac Pacemakers The heart is bestowed with a specialized system that automatically generates rhythmic control via the sinus node‚ located in the superior lateral wall of the right atrium near the opening of the superior vena cava. The specialized pacemaker cells dictate control of the rest of the heart through regular electrical impulses that propagate from the right atria to the lower ventricles. The rapid conduction of these impulses cause the muscle cells of the atria to contract
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Have you ever gone to the hospitals and seen the heart monitors and question yourself‚ what does those line mean? How can the doctor tell what type of rhythm your heart gives? How do they know the rate at which your heart is beating? What is all this fancy wording mean when they go in and explain what you have? To the patient it may seem like a foreign language yet to many doctors it becomes a second nature. The process to learning all of this is not easy and as one becomes a student the realization
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Commentary Prediction and prevention of sudden cardiac arrest Heikki V. Huikuri MD See related research article by Reinier and colleagues on page 1705 and at www.cmaj.ca/lookup/doi/10.1503/cmaj.101512 Competing interests: None declared. This article was solicited and has not been peer reviewed. Correspondence to: Dr. Heikki V. Huikuri‚ heikki.huikuri@oulu.fi CMAJ 2011. DOI:10.1503 /cmaj.111245 CMAJ ajor advances have been made in understanding the causes of and treatments for cardiovascular
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Compare and contrast cardiac and smooth muscle. In cardiac muscle‚ each heartbeat is triggered by the hearts own pacemaker cells‚ which initiate electrical discharge and when this reaches the contractile muscle cells (the cardiomyocytes)‚ they create an action potential which increases the concentration of calcium ions into the cell. Calcium ions play a key role in activating what is known as the contractile machinery – the actin and myosin filaments. The cardiac action potential‚ unlike other forms
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Evidence-Based Practice‚ Step by Step: Asking the Clinical Question: A Key Step in Evidence-Based Practice Stillwell‚ Susan B. DNP‚ RN‚ CNE; Fineout-Overholt‚ Ellen PhD‚ RN‚ FNAP‚ FAAN; Melnyk‚ Bernadette Mazurek PhD‚ RN‚ CPNP/PMHNP‚ FNAP‚ FAAN; Williamson‚ Kathleen M. PhD‚ RN Author Information Susan B. Stillwell is clinical associate professor and program coordinator of the Nurse Educator Evidence-Based Practice Mentorship Program at Arizona State University in Phoenix‚ where Ellen Fineout-Overholt
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Name: lily Exercise 6: Cardiovascular Physiology: Activity 1: Investigating the Refractory Period of Cardiac Muscle Lab Report Pre-lab Quiz Results You have not completed the Pre-lab Quiz. 07/10/13 page 1 Experiment Results Predict Question: Predict Question 1: When you increase the frequency of the stimulation‚ what do you think will happen to the amplitude (height) of the ventricular systole wave? Your answer : a. The amplitude will increase. Predict Question 2: If you deliver multiple
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This paper examines some of the ethical dilemmas posed to the medical community by the practice of organ donation after cardiac death (DCD) and whether it violates any of the basic ethical principles of medicine. Cardiac death can only be declared on the basis of cardiopulmonary criteria of permanent cessation of circulatory and respiratory function and not on the basis of neurological criteria of irreversible loss of all functions of the entire brain‚ which is used to declare brain death. In the
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An ECG (electrocardiogram) is a tool used to evaluate the heart’s electrical activity which measures the current produced in the extracellular fluid. Action potentials that occur in the myocardial cells can be detected by electrodes or leads placed at key points on the skin’s surface (reference text book pg. 371) **add figure of a typical EKG trace** The ECG records 5 different waves that correspond with myocardial activity. The first wave is the P wave which occurs in response to atrial depolarization
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class of proteins that is ultimately responsible for generating and orchestrating the electrical signals passing through the thinking brain‚ the beating heart‚ and the contracting muscle. Using the methods of molecular biology and patch-clamp electrophysiology‚ investigators have recently cloned‚ expressed‚ and characterized the genes encoding many of these proteins. Ion-channel proteins are under intense scrutiny in an effort to determine their roles in pathophysiology and as potential targets for
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BIOAP 458‚ 2012 Name: _______________________ Raw Score: ________/ 102‚ ________% PROBLEM SET 7 Cardiac Electrophysiology 1) (8 pts.) Match the most appropriate pairs _F__ AV node (atrioventricular node) _E__ gap junctions _G__ action potential generated by ventricular myocytes _H__ functions as the pacemaker of the whole heart _D__ calcium _C__ Bachmann’s bundle _A__ Bundle of His _B__ action potential generated by pacemakers Prof. Beyenbach VRT 8014 A. ventricular conduction system that distributes
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