of humectant property Drugs containing Acids‚ Alcohols and Esters • Roselle – Hibiscus sabdariffa (Malvaceae) • Constituents: • Citric‚ tartaric and malic acid • Lactone of hydroxycitric acid • Phenolics like anthocyanins involving the glycosides of delphinidin and cyanidin • Uses: • Colorant and flavoring agent. • Traditional use: astringent‚ soothing agent and diuretic. • Antioxidant and hypocholesterolemic agent Drugs containing Acids‚ Alcohols and Esters • Tamarind– Tamarindus
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Lay Public (FINAL draft) Benefits of Omega 3 Fatty Acids In the rush to cut calories‚ reduce cholesterol intake‚ and avoid saturated fats‚ many of us have embraced low-fat diets and low-fat foods. But some fats are necessary and "essential" for health. These fats show great promise for fighting the onslaught of heart disease and diabetes‚ possibly even cancer. What are these "good" fats—and how do we get enough of them? The benefits of Omega 3 fats have been researched for quite some time and
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Isopentyl acetate is treated with H3O+ it will hydrolyze back into the carboxylic acid‚ which will change the fragrance. In this experiment 3.11g of Isopentyl Acetate were produced with a 51.92 percent yield. Introduction Esters are carboxylic acid derivatives in which the acyl carbon bears an ether group instead of the hydroxy group. Esters are synthesized by different methods such as an Sn2 process where a carboxylic acid is treated with a strong base followed by an alkyl halide. Fischer Esterification
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Experiment 7 Investigating Stoichiometry with Sodium Salts of Carbonic Acid Introduction: The student will perform the experiment in order to find the percent yield by using the theoretical value found using the balanced equation for sodium carbonate as well as sodium bicarbonate. The objective is to stabilize the substances by titrations and finding the percent yield when all the data is collected. The purpose of this procedure is so that the student will get better understanding of stoichiometry
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April 04‚ 2014 Fisher Esterification Introduction: Esters are one of the most common derivatives of carboxylic acids and are widely distributed in both nature and industry. A Fischer Esterification is the formation of an ester and water from alcohol and an acid. It is the simplest means of synthesizing an ester and requires the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. The general reaction of Fischer esterification is‚ CH3CO2H + ROH ↔ CH3CO2R + H2O (reaction1) CH3COOH + ROH ↔
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How does acid precipitation affect marble and limestone buildings? Acid rain is a type of precipitation that is characterised by containing contaminating substances such as sulphuric and nitric acid‚ both of which have harmful effects on the environment. Both marble and limestone are extremely vulnerable to the damages done by acid rain due to their components. These materials contain calcite‚ a substance that easily reacts and dissolves with acid. Acid rain is the cause of the destruction of many
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given out in neutralizing sodium hydroxide (NaOH) using different concentrations of Hydrochloric Acid. Background Information:- Substances that neutralize acids are called alkalis. An acid is a substance that forms hydrogen ions (H+ ) when placed in water. It can also be described as a proton donor as it provides H+ ions. An example of an acid is hydrochloric acid (HCl)‚ Sulphuric acid (H2SO4) etc. An alkali is a soluble base and forms hydroxyl ions (OH-) when placed in water. It
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A Swiss chemist named Dr. Albert Hoffman first produced lysergic acid Diethylmide or best known as LSD in 1938 (Dye‚ 1992‚ p. 2). Hoffman discovered the drug while trying to synthesize a new drug for the treatment of headaches. He obtained the lysergic acid from the parasitic fungus that grows on rye plants known as ergot. From the lysergic acid‚ he synthesized the compound LSD. He used the compound to test for its pain killing properties on laboratory animals. Being that appeared totally ineffective
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Fischer Esterification is a reaction between a carboxylic acid and an alcohol to form an ester. Refluxing the two reactants with an acid catalyst forms the ester. Fischer Esterification was discovered in 1895 by the German chemist‚ Emily Fischer and Arthur Speier. The reaction is also sometimes known as Fischer-Speier Esterification. The major components of almost all natural flavors and odors are esters. These fragrant esters are formed by the Fischer Esterification reaction. Saponification
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gerome_911@yahoo.com Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize isopentyl acetate via Fischer esterification reaction between acetic anhydride and isoamyl alcohol‚ using concentrated sulfuric acid as a catalyst. This reaction is characterized by the combining of an alcohol and an acid (with an acid catalyst) to yield and ester plus water. In order to accomplish this reaction‚ the reactants were refluxed for 30 minutes at 80 degrees Celsius ‚to yield a mixture‚ the mixture was then mixed with
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