How Captain Cook influenced the ways see and understand the modern world ‘I had ambition not only to go farther than any man had been before‚ but as far as it was possible for a man to go’James Cook. So Captain Cook was born in 1778 originally a apprentice in Whitby before becoming a sailor and in time a British naval officer a veteran of the seven year war. Cook is unquestionably known for his three voyages of expiration and discovery that took place in the Pacific. The first voyage was between
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Violence (trans James Clifford The Predicament of Culture: Twentieth-Century Ethnography‚ Literature‚ and Art Harvard University Press‚ 1988 Niklas Luhmann‚ Social Systems Stanford: Stanford University Press‚ 1995 Marshall Sahlins ‘The Original Affluent Society’ (first published in Sahlins Stone Age Economics) Culture in Practice: Selected Essays New York: Zone 2005 Claude Levi-Strauss The Savage Mind London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson‚ 1966; Pierre Bourdieu Outline of a Theory of Practice Cambridge University
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transportation. This “extension of market”‚ although progressive and beneficial‚ is still coupled with negative externalities of massive job displacement. Additionally‚ an overextension of said market leans dangerously close to an unstable‚ or as Polanyi defines it‚ a “disembedded” economy. Remaining true to Polanyi’s theory‚ a “protective countermovement” has organically arisen to resist and ultimately prevent the disastrous disembedding of our economy. While not necessarily a social movement in
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RIGA STRADINS UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF COMMUNICATIONS MASTER’S STUDY PROGRAM “SOCIAL ANTHROPOLOGY” Essay in course “Kinship” Reciprocity and free hospitality concept. CouchSurfing network in Riga. 1st years student Ieva Irbina Riga‚ 2013 The concept of reciprocity in the host - guest form has been recognized for centuries. The way of relationships between hosts and guests depends on many factors‚ including cultural concept of hospitality. During times host - guest concept obtained
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Adam Smith‚ Karl Marx and Karl Polanyi‚ have influenced capitalism in different ways. Adam Smith known as the father of the political economy‚ developed the concept of the invisible hand; which explains how self-interest and competition in a free market economy‚ would allow economic prosperity. Likewise‚ Smith developed the concept of the division of labour which articulates that different jobs in a business should be specialised‚ instead of one person having to carry out all the processes. Karl
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The ideas of the preeminent political economist Karl Polanyi have enormous purchase in the 21st century‚ as the liberal creed and free market ideology are being ever more forcefully asserted in society under the name of neoliberalism. Writing about 19th century liberalism‚ Polanyi observed all of social relations being reduced to the logic of the market (Wjuniski & Fernandez‚ 2010‚ p. 424-5). This had especially detrimental effects for the commodities of land‚ labor‚ and money which historically
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First published in 1974‚ Marshall Sahlins’ Stone Age Economics challenges that Western societies are more conducive to leisure and prosperity than traditional stone-age cultures. Using evidence from primitive cultures in Africa‚ Australia‚ and Asia‚ Sahlins argues that these hunter-gatherers live a more fulfilling life because they are not concerned with material possessions. While Western societies view scarcity as the basis of unhappiness‚ scarcity in stone-age societies is precisely what drives
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existed globally as early as the 1400s if not previously. “Market Economy” refers to an economy that is dominated by commodity trade for profit‚ in that the economy is entirely oriented around trade and the profit generated from it. To quote Karl Polanyi from The Great Transformation “Market economy implies a self-regulating system of markets; in slightly more technical terms‚ it is an economy directed by market prices and nothing but market prices” (45). A market economy in this sense is truly unique
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the requirement of page 32) – Extract Three Polyani‚ M.‚ The Tacit Dimension‚ Petersmith‚ 1966 (ch.1 p3-25) Polanyi claimed that his thinking commences from the truism that ‘we can know more than we can tell’ (4). Do you agree? Yes‚ it is because it is hard to express by verbal means. It is through observation and experience that can acquire tacit knowledge. Are you clear as to what Polanyi means by the ‘proximal’ and the ‘distal’? ‘proximal and distal’ are integrated to become an entity. Are you
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people‚ he argues that a free gift is impossible‚ as with every gift comes an ‘obligation to reciprocate’ (1925: 3). The Gift has been extremely influential to many anthropological studies including the work of James Carrier‚ Jonathan Parry and David Sahlins. However Mauss ’s views on the nature of gift exchange have not been without their critics. Anthropologists such as James Laidlaw and Alain Testart contest that there is such a thing as a ‘free gift’. James Laidlaw uses the example of the giving of
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