Personal Interview‚ December 19‚2011). Rachels‚ J. (2003). The elements of moral philosophy‚ 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill. Rose-Ackerman‚ Susan. 1999. Corruption and Government: Causes‚ Consequences and Reform. Cambridge UK: Cambridge University Press. Tanzi‚ V. & Davoodi‚ H. 1998. Roads to nowhere: How corruption in public investment hurts growth‚ The Economic Issues Series‚ Washington D.C International Monetary Fund.
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Journal of African Studies and Development Vol. 2(7)‚ pp. 166-175‚ October 2010 Available online http://www.academicjournlas.org/jasd ISSN – 2141 -2189 ©2010 Academic Journals Review Public administration: Local government and decentralization in Ghana Kwame Badu Antwi-Boasiako Stephen F. Austin State University‚ Department of Government‚ Nacogdoches‚ Texas 75962‚ USA. E-mail: antwibokb@sfasu.edu. Tel: 9364686605. Accepted 29 July‚ 2010 Public administration as an art is defined in
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CBN ECONOMIC & FINANCIAL REVIEW‚ VOL. 37 N o 2 1-16 FISCAL DEFICITS AND INFLATION DYNAMICS IN NIGERIA: AN EMPIRICAL INVESTIGATION OF CAUSAL RELATIONSHIPS Emmanuel Ating Onwioduokit Government expenditure in Nigeria has consistently exceeded revenue for most o the years beginning from 1980. This paper investigates the causal relationship f between infation andfiscal deficit in Nigeria from 1970 to 19194. It was empirically confirmed that althoughfiscal dejkit causes inflation‚ there was nofeedback
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Bibliography: 1. Shleirfer‚ Andrei and Rober Vishny. 1993 “Corruption.” Quarterly Journal of Economics 2. Tanzi‚ Vito. 1994. Corruption‚ Governmental Activities and Markets. IMF Working Papers 94/109‚ no.3 (August): 599-617 3. Mauro‚ Paulo. Institute for International Economics‚ The Effects of Corruption on Growth‚ Investment and Government expenditure 4. The
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THE CAUSES OF CORRUPTION: A CROSS-NATIONAL STUDY Why is corruption—defined here as the misuse of public office for private gain—perceived to be more widespread in some countries than others? Different theories associate cross-national variation in the extent of corruption with particular historical and cultural traditions‚ levels of economic development‚ political institutions‚ and government policies. This paper analyzes which of various plausible determinants are significantly related to an
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1999) Levitt‚ T.‚ Globalization of Markets‚ (USA: Harvard Business Review‚ March-April‚ 1983 ) Philip‚ R.L.‚ Financial Globalization and the Crisis‚ (Ireland: BIS Annual Conference on “Future of Financial Globalization”‚ June-2012) Prahalad‚ C.K Tanzi‚ V.‚ The Demise of Nation-state‚ (USA: IMF Working Paper‚ WP/98/120‚ 1998)‚ pp. 14. The Myth of the Powerless State‚ (The Economist‚ October 7‚ 1995)‚ pp.15. UNCTAD‚ World Investment Report 2012‚ (Switzerland: United Nations Publications‚ 2012)‚ pp
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A M o d e r n A p p ro a c h t o t h e Tre a t m e n t o f C e l l u l i t e Anthony M. Rossi‚ MDa‚b‚ Bruce E. Katz‚ MDb‚c‚* KEYWORDS Cellulite Laser lipolysis Skin laxity Nd: YAG laser for cellulite KEY POINTS Cellulite is a well-documented condition and‚ although many treatment options have been purported‚ few have lasting clinical results. The use of laser and light-based devices‚ in both a noninvasive and a minimally invasive fashion‚ has augmented the understanding and approach
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TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS 2 INTRODUCTION 3 CHAPTER 1 The notion and essence of underground economy 4 1.1 Definition of underground economy 4 1.2 Structure of underground economy 5 CHAPTER 2 Reasons for underground economy development and its history in Russia 7 2.1 Reasons for underground economy appearance 7 2.2 Reasons for small enterprises to go underground 8 2.3 From Soviet underground economy to Russian 9 CHAPTER 3 Underground economy in modern Russia 12 3.1 Size
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Corruption in India is a major issue and adversely affects its economy.[1] A study conducted by Transparency International in year 2005 found that more than 62% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or influence peddling to get jobs done in public offices successfully.[2][3] In its study conducted in year 2008‚ Transparency International reports about 40% of Indians had firsthand experience of paying bribes or using a contact to get a job done in public office.[4] In 2012 India has
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V. Budgetary subsidies to health sector among selected States in India. Journal of Health Management 2001;3. Selvaraju V. Health care expenditure in rural India. Working Paper No. 93. New Delhi: National Council of Applied Economic Research; 2003. Tanzi V‚ Schuknecht L. Public spending in the 20th century: Global perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press; 2000. World Bank. World Development Report 2004: Making services work for poor people. World Bank; 2003:256-7. Financing and Delivery of
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