Assignment 1 Submitted by : Abeera Masood Major : Media Studies ( Sem-1) Subject : History of Lahore Topic : Mehmood Ghaznavi Date : 29-09-14 Submitted to : Miss Farah Ahsan Mehmood Ghaznavi Introduction : Born : October 2‚ 971 AD Died : April 30‚ 1030 Yamīn-ud-Dawla Abul-Qāṣim Maḥmūd ibn Sebüktegīn more commonly known as Mahmud of Ghazni 2 November 971 – 30 April 1030)‚ also known as Mahmūd-i Zābulī was the most prominent ruler of the Ghaznavid Empire One
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Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Throughout history there are many examples of warriors who have‚ through their deeds‚ beliefs and actions‚ been considered chivalrous and honourable. The greatest testament to such a warrior is when one ’s enemies honour the warrior as such. The subject of this essay is such a warrior and a role model that I believe any aspiring warrior should study. Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb or Saladin‚ as he has come to be called in western civilization‚ was the first Sultan of Egypt and
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1. Questions of periodization 1. Nature and causes of changes in the world history framework leading up to 600 C.E. – 1450 as a period During the postclassical era‚ we’re dealing with the rise of Islam‚ developments in Europe and the Byzantine Empire‚ developments in Asia‚ the rise and fall of the Mongols‚ developments in Africa‚ and the developments in the Americas. Technologies and innovations in this era include warfare and ship building. The role of women also changes‚ the wealthier
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A fifteenth-century Persian manuscript depicts pilgrims praying at Mecca in the mosque surrounding the Ka’ba. C H A P T E R 1 4 THE EXPANSIVE REALM OF ISLAM I In 632 C.E. the prophet Muhammad visited his native city of Mecca from his home in exile at Medina‚ and in doing so he set an example that devout Muslims have sought to emulate ever since. The hajj—the holy pilgrimage to Mecca—draws Muslims by the hundreds of thousands from all parts of the world to Saudi Arabia. Each year Muslims travel
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How and why did the Second and Third Crusades fail to match the enthusiasm and success of the First? When Pope Urban II received a petition from the Byzantine Emperor Alexius for military aid to repel the threat of Islam‚ particularly the Muslim Turks‚ he saw an opportunity to repair the Great Schism of forty years and unite the church under papal primacy.1 Europe at this time was not only fervently Christian‚ but its knights‚ although they regarded bloodshed as inherently sinful‚ consistently
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Vikings Typically‚ the image of a Viking is a barbaric‚ bearded man plundering and destroying a neighboring village. This is actually the stereotypical viewpoint. In actuality‚ Vikings‚ have a very different image. For example‚ Vikings did not wear furry boots or furry armor‚ they did not have horned helmets‚ they invaded Britain‚ and they also were the first to discover America! They were also experts in nautical technology‚ crafts‚ trading‚ warfare and many other skills (Jonsson 1). With all
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Southernization Essay The idea of Southernization came from the observation that "Southern" values and beliefs were becoming more important to the success of the government‚ reaching a climax in the 1990s‚ with a Democratic president and vice-president from the South‚ and Congressional leaders in both parties originating in the South. Some would agree that Southern values started to become more and more important in national elections through the early 21st century. American journalists started
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money should be in the hands of the caliph or a Muslim ruler who spends it in what Allaah has ordained. Historically‚ it was a financial institution responsible for the administration of taxes in Islamic states‚ particularly in the early Islamic Caliphate. It served as a royal treasury for the caliphs‚ managing personal finances and government expenditures. Further‚ it administered distributions of zakah revenues for public works. History Bayt al-mal was the department that dealt with the revenues
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The African Jihads Jihad‚ the Muslim word meaning holy war. During the 18th and 19th centuries‚ this word brought fear to anyone who did not fully believe in the Islamic state and resided in West Africa. The Jihads of this era not only changed the faith of many people‚ but also the landscape of West African democracy. Although Islamic Jihads had occurred in the past‚ they never surmounted to the magnitude of those of the 18th century. What factors and leaders caused the West African
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Fundamentalism is primarily a reaction against modernity. Do you agree? Malise Ruthven describes fundamentalism as “A religious way of being that manifests itself in a strategy by which beleaguered believers attempt to preserve their distinctive identities as individuals or groups in the face of modernity and secularization.”1 During the latter part of the twentieth century fundamentalism has emerged among many major religions‚ with some displaying more militancy than others‚ in an attempt to
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