Purpose To explore transport of materials in three semi-permeable membranes: dialysis tubing‚ eggs‚ and onion cells. Background Information 1. Diffusion is the movement of solutes from high to low concentration. Osmosis is the movement of water from low to high concentration. Both refer to movement in/out of a cell‚ but osmosis refers specifically to water. 2. Isotonic‚ hypertonic‚ and hypotonic all refer to the comparison of concentrations of solutes in verses out of the cell. Isotonic is
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minerals expands‚ turning into a new compound but a more vulnerable one. For example‚ calcium sulphate absorb in water to become gypsum. Besides‚ solution and carbonation dissolve soluble minerals in pure water or acid rain. For example‚ calcium carbonate in limestone is easily dissolved by carbonic acid (rainwater dissolves carbon dioxide) or acid rain ( rainwater dissolves sculpture dioxide). Calcium carbonate is then removed from the rocks in solution. Apart from weathering‚ water acts on the
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Toothpastes also have TSSP in it. The gritty feeling of toothpastes is the abrasives. They help get rid of plaque‚ stains‚ and polishing teeth. Today the most common abrasives are made up of hydrated silica‚ aluminium oxides‚ and calcium carbonate. Different phosphates of calcium or aluminium can be also used‚ but are less common. Detergents‚ like abrasives‚ also provide cleaning power. They loosen leftover food and plaque so that the toothbrush can scrub them away. Detergents have cleaning agents called
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the ions in the acids react with the calcium ions in limescale to then form a soluble salt. The acids also react with the carbonates in lime scale to produce water and carbon dioxide. Then the whole solution washes out taking away as much lime scale and possible. Sulfamic acid The advantages of using sulfamic acid as a de-scaler are that it is the faster de-scaler which means it can give a greater concentration of atoms that are able to react with the calcium in lime scale. It is also safe to use
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the anions we were testing for could only be determined from one specific result for example if a black precipitate formed following the tests the substance is therefore a sulphide however the same result would also show the presence of carbonate and hydrogen carbonate this therefore means that it is difficult to distinguish between the two and therefore further tests would need to be carried out this test enables you to distinguish clearly between the two and includes adding a drop of phenolphthalein
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Renal disease case study This case relates to renal disease; therefore~ purposefully look into the medication use and vocabulary as they relate to renal patients. Vocabulary: Before attempting to work the case study‚ define each of the vocabulary words. Although the words may have several subheadings‚ it will give you a place to begin your inquiry. When reviewing the vocabulary words‚ you might want to ask several questions: who‚ what‚ where‚ when‚ why and how. This should give you a much broader
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Title: Determination of chloride by the Mohr Method Objective: To determine chloride by using Mohr Method. Introduction: The Mohr method is the method used to determine the chloride ion concentration of a solution by titration with silver nitrate. As the silver nitrate solution is slowly added‚ a precipitate of silver chloride forms. Ag+ + Cl- AgCl(s) (Ksp for AgCl is 1.810-10) The chloride ion (Cl-) is an important anion found in solids and solutions. Chloride is the predominant anion
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Silver Nitrate(AgNO3) 1M Potassium Nitrate(KNO2) Calcium Chloride (CaCl2) Barrium Hydroxide Ammonium Hydroxide (NH3OH) Methylene Chloride Test Tube/Test Tube Holder Eye Dropper Eye Dropper Beaker Pipette Pipette Bulb Litmus Paper Hot Plate Observations/Calculations: CO3 + H2SO4 = bubbly reaction‚ little to no colour change. CO3 + 6M HCl = Barrium hydroxide began to go cloudy‚ indicating the presence of BaCO3(Carbonate anions) Chloride Solution + 0.1M AgNO3 =white
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A small amount of the unknown (approximately the tip of the spatula was used for all the pigments) was added into each clean dry test tube. For the first test 1 mL of 3 M of HNO3 was added. As soon as the acid came into with the solid‚ the pigment was observed to dissolve while also turning the solution into a pale clear colour. The same amount was used for the HCl reagent. As soon as the acid touched the pigment it yielded in a clear solution (solid dissolved after a few shakes). When the KI was
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We have no way of knowing what the two products are. 19. The formula for europium carbonate is Eu2(CO3)3. On the basis of this information‚ the formula for the chlorate of europium would be expected to be? a. EuCl2. b. EuCl3. c. Eu2(ClO3)3. d. Eu(ClO4)2. e. Eu(ClO3)3. CO3 has a 2- charge‚ therefore the Eu must have a 3+ charge.
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