Increasing Thermal Performance and Energy Efficiency of Buildings in Russia: Problems and Solutions Yurij A. Matrosov‚ PhD Mark Chao Cliff Majersik ABSTRACT Over the past decade‚ a new generation of building energy codes has taken effect in Russia. These codes‚ which mandate a reduction of at least 40 percent in energy consumption for heating‚ have led to the need for an increase of 2.5 to 3 times in envelope thermal performance. Consequently‚ a fundamental transformation has taken place‚ toward
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Question1 The type of foundation used to support a building is dependent on the type of in-situ soil‚ the bearing pressure of that soil and the loads imposed by the structure on the soil. The Building regulations state that the minimum depth to the underside of a strip found is 0.45 for frost protection and this should be extended to 0.75 in clay soils‚ largely due to the water retention in these materials ( Osbourn and Greeno 2007). This depth is also required to protect the foundation from seasonal
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(4) Building construction is a complex‚ significant‚ and rewarding process. It begins with an idea and culminates in a structure that may serve its occupants for several decades‚ even centuries. Like the manufacturing of products‚ building construction requires an ordered and planned assembly of materials. It is‚ however‚ far more complicated than product manufacturing. Buildings are assembled outdoors on all types of sites and are subject to all kinds of weather. Additionally‚ even a modest-sized
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Zakir Hossain May 2012 Executive Summary The client requested that AkijGroup provide direction and oversight for the commissioning of Building X. Akij Group engaged AKH Group to work as part of the commissioning team and provide primary support for the construction phase commissioning. The project incorporated a highly energy efficient design with the goal of obtaining a high performance
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Lowes Scholarship Essay There are many ways to help “build” a community. However‚ not all forms of building involve construction materials. The predominant curiosity I had about the world around me fueled the incessant questioning of the seen and unseen that‚ I am told‚ began as early as I could talk. Even my school teachers commented on the plethora of questions that spewed from my mouth in an effort to quench my thirst for knowledge. However‚ I have discovered that not only do I have a passion
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SMART BUILDINGS INTRODUCTION We have been used to create better and better ambients from the very beginning of humanity‚ first adapting caves‚ then building structures up to modern skyscrapers and dwellings. As technology has increased we have learnt to shape ambient to better fit our needs and lately we have started to pay more attention to their efficiency‚ like better insulation for lower energy consumption. HISTORY Arne Olander in 1930‚discovered a phenomenon of SME(Shape
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Building Construction Related to the Fire Service Chapter 1: Building Construction & Fire Service The building variables that FF must consider: • Age of building – age in itself is not a hazard but an indication of potential hazards • Fire protection systems – first line of defense in a building • Occupancy of the building – often affects fire behavior…each occupancy has different hazards & fuels‚ and the structural components are subjected to different temperatures‚ heat release
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environment and to human’s health. Usually the conventional building used a lot of amount of power and produced large amount of carbon dioxides annually. Therefore‚ conventional building is one of the sources of global warming. Green building concept is an effort made to reduce the impacts of conventional building. Green building is a space and energy efficient home which can offer coziness and healthy living environment to its peoples. The green building used the sustainable resources. It is considered as
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buckets of water to extinguish fire. Many people were throwing sands and dust over the fire. A few people were trying to control fire by throwing blankets on it. But the fire was ravaging. It was a horrible sight. This house was a three-storeyed building. Some inmates of the house were on the second floor. The fire started from the ground floor. Soon‚ it spread to the first floor. The inmates of the house who had been entrapped on the second floor were crying for help. Someone in the crowd informed
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industrial buildings. During the last twenty years‚ this building type has increasingly been protected as a symbol of the historic value attached to the physical remains of the industrialization process. The best way to secure their continuing role in the urban fabric for the future was through adaptive reuse. Conservationists prescribe design guidelines for the conversion schemes of all protected buildings in formal terms‚ requiring that the ‘aesthetic integrity’ of the protected building is maintained
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