Learning how to Prepare Buffers of Various pH levels and Preparation of Acetate Buffer. Introduction A buffer is a solution having the capacity to resist changes in pH levels. Mostly a buffer consists of a weak acid and a salt of strong base or a weak base and a conjugate salt of strong acid e.g. acetate buffer is the most common buffer in which equimolar mixture of acetic acid and sodium acetate solution is used. CH3COOH CH3 COO - + H+ CH3COONa CH3COO - + Na+ Buffers are divided into 2 parts
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substrate. Variables: Independent: pH‚ enzyme concentration‚ substrate concentration and enzymatic activity. Dependent: the reaction rate Control variable: temperature and amount of substrates and enzymes added. Materials: Phosphate Buffers Beaker Catechol Potato Juice Parafilm Test Tubes Procedure: To study the effect of temperature: 1. Three different test tubes where filled with 3mL of phosphate. 2. They were set in three different temperature settings. First tube was
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Research Question How will the addition of different pH buffers to amylase affect the rate of starch digestion measured using starch and iodine? Introduction Amylase is an enzyme found in human saliva and pancreas. It is the digestive enzyme that is needed to breakdown starch molecules. Amylase must be kept at certain conditions to function at its optimum level. This experiment will explore the effect of pH (1‚ 4‚ 7‚ 10‚ and 14) on the function of amylase by using starch and iodine. Usually
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DeKroon et al. DIGE-based PTMs Analysis of protein post-translational modifications using DIGE-based proteomics Robert M. DeKroon‚ Jennifer B. Robinette‚ Cristina Osorio‚ Sun Yong Jeong‚ Eric Hamlett‚ Mihaela Mocanu and Oscar Alzate Summary Difference gel electrophoresis (DIGE) is most often used to assess relative changes in the expression levels of individual proteins in multiple complex samples‚ and this information is valuable in making inferences about relative protein activity. However
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Chemistry102 5/7/2013 Lecture Presentation Chapter 17 Additional Aspects of Aqueous Equilibria John D. Bookstaver St. Charles Community College Cottleville‚ MO © 2012 Pearson Education‚ Inc. Common Ion Effect HA(aq) + H2O(l) ⇔ A−(aq) + H3O+(aq) • Adding a salt containing the anion NaA‚ which • is the conjugate base of the acid (the common ion)‚ shifts the position of equilibrium to the left This causes the pH to be higher than the pH of the acid solution 9lowering the H3O+ ion concentration
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3 Dropper 12 Timer 12 Labels 36 Thermometer 12 Water bath 3 Enzyme source eg. Radishes/celery Hydrogen peroxide Range of buffer solutions pH paper Washing up liquid Disposable gloves The apparatus for this experiment lends itself to being pre-prepared in a ‘box of equipment’ – see Section 1. Advance preparation Prepare buffer solutions. Obtain fresh celery. Advance chemical preparation (a) Hydrogen peroxide (Prepares 250 ml of 1M/’12 vol’ solution) Wearing
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single drops of iodine solution in rows on the tile. * Label a test tube with the pH to be tested. * Use the syringe to place 2 cm3 of amylase into the test tube. * Add 1 cm3 of buffer solution to the test tube using a syringe. * Use another syringe to add 2 cm3 of starch to the amylase/ buffer solution. Start the stop clock and leave it on throughout the test. Mix using a plastic pipette. * After 10 seconds‚ use the plastic pipette to place one drop of the mixture on the first
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substrate and buffer was added. In the first experiment‚ optimal temperature for enzymatic activity was tested. Five clean spectrophotometer tubes wereare necessary with the different temperatures labeled on them using a wax pencil (Blank‚ Room Temp‚ 35 degrees Celsius‚ 45 degrees Celsius‚ and 55 degrees Celsius). Then 1mL of
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was added to the solution. By performing this experiment‚ it was found that with increasing amounts of buffer in the prepared solutions there was better resistance against pH changes. This was because the strong acid or base was converted to it’s weak conjugate. The solution with little or no buffer had no resistance to pH changes. The Irresistible
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® CA3140‚ CA3140A Data Sheet February 10‚ 2005 FN957.9 4.5MHz‚ BiMOS Operational Amplifier with MOSFET Input/Bipolar Output The CA3140A and CA3140 are integrated circuit operational amplifiers that combine the advantages of high voltage PMOS transistors with high voltage bipolar transistors on a single monolithic chip. The CA3140A and CA3140 BiMOS operational amplifiers feature gate protected MOSFET (PMOS) transistors in the input circuit to provide very high input impedance‚ very low input
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