The objective of this lab was to prepare n-butyl bromide or n-bromobutane‚ which is derived from an alcohol and an acid. In this case‚ n-butyl alcohol and sulfuric acid were the reagents. There were two methods of distillation that was involved in this experiment. The first was by reflux distillation‚ which is used to speed up a chemical reaction without having the reactants/ products evaporate or explode. Data Table 1 indicates the amount of each reagents that was prepared for the reflux apparatus
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a few drops of bromine water into the boiling tube containing the gascous products. The brown colour of bromine water disappeared immediately. Why? The products of cracking contained unsaturated (hydrocarbons) / alkenes / C=C / ethane / reasonable name of alkene‚ which decolourised the bromine water immediately by addition reaction (2) (II) The student then dropped more bromine water into the boiling tube until the brown colour of the bromine water persisted
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Write your name here Surname Other names Centre Number Candidate Number Edexcel IGCSE Chemistry Unit: 4CH0 Science (Double Award) 4SC0 Paper: 1C Wednesday 25 May 2011 – Morning Time: 2 hours Paper Reference 4CH0/1C 4SC0/1C You must have: Ruler Candidates may use a calculator. Total Marks Instructions black ink or • Usein the boxesball-point pen. page with your name‚ Fill at the top of this • centre number and candidate number. all • Answer
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1. (a)Correct the following statements. (i) The melting points of crystalline and amorphous solids are not definite. The melting point of an amorphous solid is not definite. OR The melting point of a crystalline solid is definite. P Ps X solute . Ps P Ps The equation for relative lowering of vapour pressure when solute remains normal is X solute P (iii)The degree of ionization decreases with dilution. The degree of ionisation increases with dilution. (iv) Tertiary butyl halide
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litmus turns red and then is bleached white. (ii) White precipitate. (i) Non-metal‚ is acid in aqueous solution and a powerful oxidising agent (ii) It forms a small amount of chloride ion in water‚ so gives a positive result for the chloride test. Bromine Br2 (l or aq) A dark red liquid - orange-brown fumes‚ yellow-orange aqueous solution. The other common orange-brown gas is nitrogen dioxide (i) Shake with a liquid alkene. (ii) Mix with silver nitrate solution. (ii) Decolourised. See alkene test
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source is needed to reverse the flow‚ and only one container is needed. 2. What is the measured value of Ecell for each cell and its relevance to the EOred for the iron half-cell and halogen half-cells? The measured value of Ecell for the zinc‚ iron‚ bromine‚ and iodine half-cells were -0.71‚ 0.61‚ 0.40‚ and 0.51 respectively. The standard cell potential is the difference between the standard electrode potential of the cathode (reduction) half-cell and the standard electrode potential of the anode (oxidation)
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Chapters 11 12 Periodic Table Name __________________ ( ) Class __________ Date _________ History of the Periodic Table Russian chemist Dmitri Ivanovich Mendeleev 1834-1907 Arranged elements in order of increasing atomic masses Elements with similar chemical properties fall into the same vertical column Such an arrangement is the Periodic Table The Periodic Table The Periodic Table is a list of elements arranged in order of ______________ _____________ (__________) ____________. Groups
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in vehicles that reduced pollutants in car exhaust and because of the potential for causing brain damage in children. Great Lakes interest in Octel was a chemical called bromine that was used to make the lead additives. This chemical was used by Great Lakes to produce several other products and in efforts to obtain the bromine‚ Great Lakes decided to risk taking on the ethical
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materials reached the stratosphere the were acted on by ultraviolet radiation and broke down releasing chlorine and bromine into the ozone layer. The ozone layer is the earth’s ultraviolet shield. The chemistry is such that the chlorine and bromine attack the ozone‚ reducing it to ordinary oxygen which as no shielding effect from UV-B. The complex chemical reactions allow the chlorine and bromine to interact again and again with ozone molecules‚ until they eventually leave the ozone layer bonded to some
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The percent yield of meso-1‚2-dibromo-1‚2-diphenylethane was calculated to be 66.36% and with a melting point of 235.1°C. Therefore‚ it can be concluded that this experiment was successfully conducted as the percent yield obtained is only 33.64% off from the equilibrium point‚ and because the melting point met the literature value. The percent yield for the product was less than 100%‚ indicating that were experimental errors‚ such as an undesirable side reaction‚ or more likely‚ an incomplete reaction
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