ALCOHOLS Alcohols are compounds in which one or more hydrogen atoms in an alkane have been replaced by an -OH group. For the purposes of UK A level‚ we will only look at compounds containing one -OH group. For example: Primary alcohols In a primary (1°) alcohol‚ the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group Some examples of primary alcohols include: Secondary alcohols In a secondary (2°) alcohol‚ the carbon with the -OH group attached is joined directly to
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Sample Paper chemistry Class 11 1. 1.7 g of AgNO3 is dissolved in 100 g of water. 0.585g of NaCl dissolved in 100g of water is added to it and chemical reaction occurs. 1.435g of AgCl and 0.85 g of NaNO3 are formed. Justify that the data obey the law of conservation of mass 2. (a) When 4.2g of sodium bicarbonate is added to a solution of acetic acid weighing 10g‚ it is observed that 2.2g of CO2 is released into atmosphere. The residue is found to weigh 12g. Show that these observations
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acid (cis isomer) to fumaric acid (trans isomers)‚ the differences in physical properties between this pair of cis-trans isomers and determine the stereochemistry of addition of bromine to butenedioic acid. Chemicals and Apparatus: 2 grams of maleic acid‚ 10 cm3 of concentrated hydrochloric acid‚ 10 cm3 of bromine water[1]‚ one 50 cm3 beaker‚ one 100 cm3 beaker‚ one 250 cm3 beaker‚ one 10 cm3 measuring cylinder‚ one piece of spatula‚ one piece of water glass‚ one glass rod‚ a few pieces
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75% Ag and 25% Cl by mass? AGCL Calculate the approximate number of molecules in a drop of water with a mass of 0.10 g. 3 x 1021 molecules What is the percentage composition of CaSO4? 29.44% Ca‚ 23.55% S‚ 47.01% O What mass of calcium bromide is needed to prepare 150.0 mL of a 3.50 M solution? (Assume that the molecular weight of CaBr2 is 200.618 g/mol) 105 g Nitrous oxide (N2O)‚ or laughing gas‚ is commonly used as an anesthetic in dentistry and surgery. How many moles are present
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Old Dominion University ORGANIC 214 Alkene Addition Submitted by: Alkene addition: Bromination of (E) Stilbene Introduction: In this lab we used the greener approach‚ which involves the addition of bromine across a double bond. When bromine reacts with E-stilbene (trans-1‚2-diphenylethene)‚ two new chiral carbons are created from the sp2 carbons‚ therefore 3 different dibrominated stereoisomers are possible: meso-(1R‚2S)‚ or the raceminc mixture-(1R‚2R) or (1S‚2S)-dibromo-1‚2-diphenylethane
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Chloride‚ 0.3 M - 2 mL in Pipet 1 Hydrochloric Acid‚ 6 M - 8 mL in Dropper Bottle 1 Nitric Acid‚ 6 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Organic Reagent - 1.5 mL in Vial 2 Pipet‚ Empty Short Stem 1 Silver Nitrate‚ 0.1 N - 6 mL in White Dropper Bottle 1 Sodium Bromide‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Carbonate‚ 0.25 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Chloride‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Iodide‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Phosphate‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium Sulfate‚ 0.1 M - 2.5 mL in Pipet 1 Sodium
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+ lead acetate 5 (aq) = black ppt 5. Nitrite: Pungent light brown gas 1. Starch-iodide test: WE + dil H2SO4 (or dil acetic acid); boil‚ then add solid KI + fresh starch sol = deep blue colouration Group II (conc H2SO4 group) – Cl(chloride)‚ Br- (bromide)‚ I- (iodide)‚ NO3- (nitrate)‚ CH3COO- (acetate)‚ C2O42(oxalate): Salt + conc H2SO4 1. No reaction: Group II anion not present. Continue to group III. 2. Chloride: Colourless white pungent fumes (HCl); intensify when glass rod dipped in NH4OH is brought
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conducting the reaction in a very acidic environment‚ the alcohol group is converted into water‚ which is a weak base‚ and thus a good leaving group. Due to lack of steric interference‚ the primary carbon atom is now open to back-side attack. The bromide ion‚ which acts as the nucleophile attacks from the back-side and bonds to the carbon atom. As a result‚ 1-bromobutane is formed and water is given off as the leaving group. SN1 Reaction Mechanism: The reactions that take place in the second part
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Exercise 14: Qualitative Anion Tests PURPOSE: The purpose of this experiment is to identify some commonly occurring anions & to study some of the reactions used for their identification. PROCEDURE: You must first determine to which of the three groups the various anions belong. Since no two people observe the same event in exactly the same way it is important to also conduct specific confirmation tests on the known samples of each anion. This information will help identify the anion
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CLASSIFICATION TESTS FOR ORGANIC HALIDES James Anand L. Regala‚ Sabrina Nicolle G. Sarte‚ Ann Michelle Siao‚ Michael Sibulo‚ Victoria Tan Group 8 2C Pharmacy Organic Chemistry Laboratory ABSTRACT This experiment is done to classify organic halides. Most organic halides are synthetic and are not flammable. One way to classify organic halides is by classifying its -carbon atom as primary‚ secondary or tertiary. If the -carbon is attached to one R group‚ it is then primary. If the -carbon is
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