ELECTROPHILIC ADDITION PURPOSE The purpose of this lab is to learn how to synthesize 2-methyl-2-butene into 2-bromo-2-methylbutane using addition of hydrogen bromide. THEORY Chemical Compound Molecular Formula Molecular Weight Boiling Point Melting Point Density Amylene CH3CH=C(CH3)2 70.13 g/mol 36 oC -134 oC 0.662 g/ml Hydrobromic Acid HBr 80.91 g/mol 126 oC -11 oC 1.490 g/ml 2-Bromo-2-MethylButane C5H11Br 151.05 g/mol 107 oC 1.18 g/ml Sodium bicarbonate NaHCO3 84.007 g/mol Decomposes
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Apparatus: dropper‚ test tube‚ hot plate Chemical reagents: bromine‚ toluene‚ cyclohexane‚ cyclohexene‚ acidified KMnO4‚ dichloromethane Method A. Bromine test 1.6 clean and dry test tube were taken and were labelled them A until F 2.1ml of dichloromethane were placed into each test tube 3.1 ml of cyclohexane were placed into tubes A and B‚1 ml cyclohexene were placed into test tube C and D‚1ml toluene to test tube E and F 4. 5 drops of bromine water were placed into each test tube 5. Test tube A
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chloride and bromide ions toward the n-butyl and t-pentyl alcohols. We were able to analyze this by using refractometry to measure the amounts of alkyl chloride and alkyl bromide in each reaction. Experiment Scheme (Procedure A) To begin the experiment‚ we assembled a reflux apparatus in the fume hood with a 100 mL round bottom flask and a condenser. Next we added 44 mL of sulfuric acid to a 125 mL Erlenmeyer flask. We also measured 4.75g ammonium chloride and 8.75g ammonium bromide into a
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organic solution was dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate for a week. The liquid product was transferred to a 25 mL round bottom flask equipped with a stir bar and a simple distillation was set up. The solution was distilled and the density of the bromide was calculated at 1.222 grams/mL with a boiling range of 87-92◦C. The theoretical yield was calculated at 12.847 grams and the percent yield was 72.3 percent. Next was the characterization and assessment of the purity of the
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EXPERIMENT 8 – Reactions of Hydrocarbons Properties and Identification of Hydrocarbons Purpose: a) To identify saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons using properties and reactions. b) Study substitution and addition reactions. Equipments test tube rack (1) test tube holder (2) 100 mL beaker medium test
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converting the alcohol into H2O. Objective: The objective of this lab is to observe the synthesis of 1-bromobutane in an SN2 reaction‚ to see how a primary alky halide reacts with an alcohol. Reagents: Reagents | Physical properties | Sodium bromide | Molecular formula: NaBrMolar mass: 102.894 g/molAppearance: White powderDensity: 3.21 g/cm3 (anhydrous)2.18 g/cm3 (dihydrate)Melting point 747 °C (anhydrous)36 °C (dihydrate)Boiling point 1396 °CSolubility in water: 90.5 g/100 mL (20 °C) 121.0
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BROMINATION OF ACETANILIDE OBJECTIVE Aim of the experiment was too brominate acetaldehyde to form p-bromoacetanilide. INTRODUCTION Acetanilide is a chemical compound with the chemical formula of C6H5NH(COCH3). It is a crystalline solid that is prepared by acetylation of analine and is widely used in the dye industry. This crystalline solid is an odourless solid chemical that has a flake or leaf like appearance. It is also known as N phenylacetamide‚ acetanil or acetanilide. Its former
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determine the presence or absence of each anion. As in Experiment 19‚ a description of the physical properties and the chemistry of the substances appears in boxed frames. Chemicals Solutions of Anions: Sodium chloride‚ NaCl‚ 0.2 M Sodium bromide‚ NaBr‚ 0.2 M Potassium iodide‚ KI‚ 0.2 M Sodium sulfate‚ Na2SO4‚ 0.2 M Sodium carbonate‚ Na2CO3‚ 0.2 M Sodium nitrate‚ NaNO3‚ 0.2 M Test Reagents: Silver nitrate‚ AgNO3‚ 0.1 M Ammonia‚ NH3‚ 6 M Nitric acid‚ HNO3‚ 6 M
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Writing Complete Equations Practice For each of the following problems‚ write complete chemical equations to describe the chemical process taking place. Important note: There are a few physical processes on this sheet – You can’t write an equation for a physical process! 1) When lithium hydroxide pellets are added to a solution of sulfuric acid (dihydrogen sulfate)‚ lithium sulfate and water are formed. 2) When dirty water is boiled for purification purposes‚ the temperature is brought up to
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and flammable) • Sodium bromide • Concentrated sulphuric acid (very corrosive) • Anhydrous sodium sulphate • Concentrated hydrochloric acid (corrosive) • Ethanol (highly flammable) • Dilute nitric acid (corrosive) • Dilute sodium hydroxide (corrosive) • Silver nitrate solution‚ approximately 0.1 M • Sodium bromide solution‚ approximately 0.1 M Procedures: 1. A clean dry round bottom flask was weighed. 2. 10g of Sodium bromide‚ 6g of butan-1-ol and 10cm3
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