Richard F. Daley and Sally J. Daley www.ochem4free.com Organic Chemistry Chapter 2 Introduction to Organic Nomenclature and Functional Groups 2.1 Drawing Organic Structures 73 2.2 Alkanes 77 2.3 Structural Isomerism 77 2.4 IUPAC Nomenclature 79 2.5 Naming Alkanes 80 2.6 Naming Cycloalkanes 87 2.7 Naming Complex Alkyl Groups 2.8 Functional Groups 97 2.9 Naming Alkenes and Alkynes 2.10 Naming Alkenes‚ Part II 108 2.11 Arenes 109 2.12 Organohalogens 113 2.13 Using Molecular
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unsaturated hydrocarbon with a double or triple carbon-carbon bond. | Bubble gas through‚ or add liquid to‚ a solution of bromine in hexane or water. | The orange/brown bromine rapidly decolourises‚ as a saturated colourless organic bromo-compound is formed. | R2C=CR2 + Br2 ==> BrR2C-CR2BrRCCR + 2Br2 ==> Br2RC-CRBr2R = H‚ alkyl or arylSaturated alkanes give no fast reaction with bromine. | Hydroxy group R-OH in alcohols and phenols (in ’dry’ conditions*) The first 3 tests (i) - (iii) given on the right
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Chemistry : Important Questions For CBSE Class XII ( Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) (Q.1) Choose the incorrect statement about the benzyl chloride: ( 1 mark ) (a) It is less reactive than alkyl halides. (b) It can be oxidized to benzaldehyde by boiling with copper nitrate solution. (c) It is a lachrymatory liquid and answers beilstein’s test. (d) It gives a white precipitate with alcoholic silver nitrate (Q.2) Dry ether The reaction RX + 2Na + RX _______________? R-R + 2NaXis called. ( 1 mark
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between the pure tert-butyl chloride and not. In this experiment‚ tert-butyl chloride is synthesized from tert-butyl alcohol. Introduction Alkyl Halides (also known as halogenoalkanes or haloalkanes) are a group of chemical compounds derived from alkanes containing one or more halogens. They are a subset of the general class of halocarbons‚ although the distinction is not often made. Alkyl Halides are widely used commercially and‚ consequently‚ are known under many chemical and commercial names. A
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many purposes‚ including the separation of compartments containing aqueous solutions from each other‚ that’s where lipids come in. The water-insolubility of lipids is due to the fact that the polar groups they contain are much smaller than their alkane-like (nonpolar) portions. These nonpolar portions provide the water-repellent‚ or hydrophobic‚ property (1). An important use for lipids‚ especially in animals‚ is
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Reactivity series 10.3 (a) Extraction of metals 10.3 (b) Uses of metals 10 Air and water 11 Sulphur 12 Carbonates 13 Organic chemistry 14.4 Names of compounds 14.5 Fuels 14.6 Homologous series 14.7 Alkanes 14.8 Alkenes 14.9 Alcohols 14.10 Acids 14.11 Macromolecules 14.8 (a) Synthetic polymers 14.8 (b) Natural molecules -stuff in blue is not on the syllabus but it might help you to understand to know those things
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w w w e tr .X m eP e ap UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS General Certificate of Education Ordinary Level .c rs om 5070/11 CHEMISTRY Paper 1 Multiple Choice Additional Materials: Multiple Choice Answer Sheet Soft clean eraser Soft pencil (type B or HB recommended) October/November 2011 1 hour *0909424295* READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write in soft pencil. Do not use staples‚ paper clips‚ highlighters‚ glue or correction fluid. Write your name‚ Centre number and
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1. Predict the molecular formula of an alkane with 13 carbon atoms. .................................................................................................................................. [Total 1 mark] 2. Bromobutane‚ CH3CH2CH2CH2Br‚ can be reacted with hot aqueous sodium hydroxide to prepare butan-1-ol. CH3CH2CH2CH2Br + OH– → CH3CH2CH2CH2OH + Br– A student reacted 8.72 g of bromobutane with an excess of OH–. The student produced 4.28 g of butan-1-ol. (i) Calculate the amount
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Revision checklist for IGCSE Chemistry 0620 A guide for Students Revision checklist for IGCSE Chemistry 0620 A guide for students How to use this guide The guide describes what you need to know about your IGSCE Chemistry examination. It will help you to plan your revision programme for the theory examinations and will explain what the examiners are looking for in the answers you write. It can also be used to help you to revise by using tick boxes in Section 3‚ ‘What you need to know’‚ to check
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1. (a)Correct the following statements. (i) The melting points of crystalline and amorphous solids are not definite. The melting point of an amorphous solid is not definite. OR The melting point of a crystalline solid is definite. P Ps X solute . Ps P Ps The equation for relative lowering of vapour pressure when solute remains normal is X solute P (iii)The degree of ionization decreases with dilution. The degree of ionisation increases with dilution. (iv) Tertiary butyl halide
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