LAB: Comparison of Reactions for Three Isomers of Butanol /23 TI /21 C /6 A Name: /50 MARKS Background: The reactivity of alcohols can be accounted for by their molecular structure – particularly by the attachment of their hydroxyl functional group. The isomers of butanol are used as examples of 1°‚2° and 3° alcohols to examine this relationship. Each of the three isomers of butanol will be mixed with concentrated hydrochloric acid. The presence of an alkyl halide product is
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Title Page: Module Code: FC 511 2T Module Title: Skills for study Tutor Name: Emma Duffy Assessment title: Formative Lab Report: Enthalpy of Combustion of Butanol Student ID Number: 201233920 Date of submission: 6/3/2017 Past tense recapping what you did in the experiment Present tense explain theory and compare theory THINGS TO IMPROVE : Reference Introduction Discussion Avoid Plagiarism Table of Contents Introduction P.3 Aim Materials
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MELTING POINT AND BOILING POINTS OF ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ABSTRACT The properties of organic compounds depend on their chemical structures. Intermolecular forces of attraction affect physical properties such as melting and boiling point. Through the Thomas Hoover apparatus‚ the melting point of 8 test compounds was determined. Salicylic acid exhibited the highest melting point while naphthalene‚ the lowest. The stronger the intermolecular forces of attraction‚ the higher the melting point. Boiling point
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This lab will allows the comparison between elimination reactions under acidic and basic conditions through an analysis of two separate reactions: an acid-catalyzed dehydration of 1-butanol and 2-butanol using sulfuric acid and a dehydrobromination under basic conditions using potassium tert-butoxide of 1-bromobutane and 2-bromobutane. The products of all four reactions will be analyzed with gas chromatography‚ which separates organic compounds to see how each reaction’s product are formed under
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Using Freezing-Point Depression to Find Molecular Weight Abstract: In this lab‚ the purpose was to use the freezing point depression method to determine the molecular weight of aspirin. This was done by determining the freezing of t-butanol and that of a t-butanol and aspirin solution; then finding the molality of the solution‚ and moles of aspirin. In the results of the experiment‚ the molar mass was found to be 192.2 g/mol‚ which differed from the established value of 180.2 g/mol by 6.7% error
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Comparison of Three Isomers of Butanol Introduction An alcohol’s reactivity is determined based on the attachment of their hydroxyl functional group. The location of this hydroxyl functional group will impact the molecular structure of the alcohol‚ making it either primary (1° )‚ secondary (2° )‚ or tertiary (3° ). The purpose of this experiment is to observe and predict the reactions that take place between all three alcohols and an oxidizing agent‚ as well as to test our theories of how the
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information about boiling water. If you cover the tin and allow the water and air to cool down‚ the air will cool and contract‚ lowering the pressure in the tin. If it lowers enough‚ the partial vacuum will collapse the walls of the can! The boiling point definitely reduces with air pressure. There is a famous demonstration where boiling water or coffee is drunk‚ the trick is it was in a vacuum chamber where it boiled at room temperature. The actual definition of the boiling point of water is the
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BOILING AND CONDENSATION BOILING • Phase change phenomenon where in transformation of liquid to vapour occurs at the saturation temperature of the fluid. It occurs at a solid/liquid interface due to convection heat transfer from the solid and usually occurs at surface temperatures higher than the saturation temperature of the fluid Agitation of fluid by vapor bubbles provides large convection coefficients Modified Newton’s law of cooling qs’’ h Ts Tsat Te • • • BOILING – CLASSIFICATON
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Introduction The production of acetone and butanol by means of solvent-producing strains of Clostridium spp. was one of the first large-scale industrial fermentation processes to be developed‚and during the first part of this century it ranked second in importance only to ethanol fermentation. The reason for the almost total demise of this fermentation in the early 1960s was the inability of the fermentation process to compete economically with the chemical synthesis of solvents. However‚ interest
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Melting Point Determination and Thermometer Calibration Lab Background: The melting point of a substance‚ a solid in this case‚ signifies the temperature at which the first crystal starts to melt until the temperature at which the last crystal disappears is reached. That being said‚ melting points are expressed in ranges‚ am organic compound will have a sharp range depending on the purity of the compound. Impurity of an organic substance will register an abnormal melting point based on its
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