reforms begun by Pope Gregory VII. Before he was Pope‚ he was a monk. Urban II eventually traveled to Rome where he would become the cardinal and bishop of Ostia. Urban II was elected pope in Terracina‚ south of Rome‚ on March 12‚ 1088. As pope‚ Urban II had active support for his policies and reforms. These groups included the nobility‚ the monks‚ and the bishops. Urban felt he had to
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Social Gospel Perhaps a most natural starting point is to realize that the rise of the social gospel within the Roman Catholic Church occurred within the larger context of the economic situation in America during the late nineteenth century. Laissez-faire economics‚ which advocates economic freedom for the business class‚ ruled the day. Also‚ the Panic of 1873‚ which saw unprecedented unemployment among the lower classes and created bread lines in the urban areas greatly affected the national
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The Catholic Church confronts the twenty-first century just as it began the twentieth century - as a Church divided. At that time‚ the fractious debates surrounding the historicity and meaning of the Christian scriptures and the Vatican’s controversial response to the "threat" of modernism left the Church ill prepared to respond to the seismic cultural‚ economic and political changes that would accompany the post-war reconstruction efforts. The Council also embraced freedom of religion. Established
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St. Ambrose was the inventor of Christian Latin hymnody. St. Ambrose‚ Bishop of Milan‚ composed many beautiful hymns for the church‚ for example “Aeterne Rerum Conditor” (Maker of all‚ eternal King). When listening to “Aeterne Rerum Conditor” the chants sound intertwined with one another. I was able to hear the different voices but they can also sound like the same person. The hymns were sung by all men‚ and in the hymns you can hear all the dominate voices. The tone and pitch of the hymns sounds
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They were the key pillars to organizations and government. Having studied for many years the bishops were very fluent in Latin and that gave them some authority that even kings were mandated to consult Bishops and take orders from them in their daily affairs. The Church using its much respected leadership and expertise was involved in various other decisions making and had delegates in all special committees
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SAINT JOHN BOSCO 1851-1888 Saint John Bosco was born August 16th‚ 1815‚ while Europe‚ more precisely Italy‚ was in the making of a new Renaissance. When he was living‚ they were many orphaned and poor boys. Without the guidance that these young men needed‚ they often got in trouble with the law. John would have became this way if it weren’t for her devoted mother. John was the youngest son of a peasant family. His father died when John was only two years old. As a youngster‚ he would preach
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THE IMPACT OF TWO MAJOR HERESIES ON THE CATHOLIC CHURCH INTRODUCTION This essay will consider two early heresies and their impact on the Church: Gnosticism Arianism Discussion will include: Background Information The Person and Nature of our Lord Jesus Christ The etiology‚ content and current status of each heresy The Church’s response to each The outcome and consequences of these heresies The essay will conclude: Heresies present enormous challenges for the church: “if a kingdom be
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(325 c.e)‚ Chalcedon (451 c.e) and Constantinople (553 c.e). A fourth century bishop complained: “I wish to know the price of bread; one answer ‘ the father is greater than the son’. I inquire whether my bath is ready one answers ’the son has been made out of nothing.’" Arius an Egyptian priest followers claim that Jesus had been created by God the father rather than living eternally with him. The fifth century bishop Nestorius of Constantinople argued Mary had given birth only to human Jesus who
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01.05 The Byzantines: Objectives Who Were the Byzantines? The Roman Empire had stretched so large by the fourth century CE that it had several provincial capitals. The two most important political centers were Rome in the West and Constantinople in the East‚ which had formerly been called Byzantium. The emperor‚ Constantine the Great‚ rebuilt Byzantium to resemble “Old Rome‚” and so this political center became known as the “New Rome.” Although those who lived in Constantinople referred to themselves
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Elizabeth Bishop is an intriguing and enigmatic poet whose poetic voice is distinct and individualistic. In many ways Derek Mahon ’s assessment of Bishop as "the shy perfectionist with her painter ’s eye"‚ is her most fitting and apt legacy. Bishop ’s work is replete with vivid imagery and striking metaphors and the keenness of her perception of the world around her is remarkable. Her poetry is carefully wrought often combining rich and detailed imagery with thematic indirectness. In my opinion‚
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