Biology‚ 7e (Campbell) Chapter 24: The Origin of Species Chapter Questions 1) Which of the following applies to both anagenesis and cladogenesis? A) branching B) increased diversity C) speciation D) more species E) adaptive radiation Answer: C Topic: Concept 24.1 Skill: Comprehension 2) Which of the following statements about species‚ as defined by the biological species concept‚ is (are) correct? I. Biological species are defined by reproductive isolation. II. Biological
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Origin of species; Critical Evaluation of Darwinian Theory Cristina Nava North Salinas High School Instructor: Mr. Zelensky Charles Darwin implied in his book‚ On the Origin of Species (1859)‚ a theory for evolution and its mechanisms. In his book Darwin intends to convey the reader that descent with modification and natural selection‚ part of the evolution theory‚ has occurred. He also writes about the “problem of purpose” idea and how evolution and natural selection solve
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First published on November 24‚ 1859‚ The Origin of Species (full title On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection‚ or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life) by English naturalist Charles Darwin is one of the pivotal works in scientific history‚ and arguably the pre-eminent work in biology. In it‚ Darwin makes "one long argument‚"with copious empircal examples as support‚ for his theory that "groups" of organisms‚ (now called populations) rather than individual organisms
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On the Origin of Species chapter IV outlines Darwin’s proposal on how a new species is generated via natural selection over a long period of time. In Darwin’s theory of speciation‚ he proposes that all organisms within a species must express some degree of variation‚ which allow for organisms with the most advantageous variations to produce the most offspring (Darwin 10) This also means that the variations must be heritable from one generation to the next. In chapter IV Darwin uses the examples variants
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Chapter 2 Terms Matter - anything that takes up space and has mass. Element - substance that cannot be broken down to other substances by chemical reactions. Compound - substance consisting of two or more different elements combined in a fixed ratio. Essential Element - the 20-25% of the 92 natural elements an organism needs to live a health life and reproduce. Trace Elements - required by an organism only minute quantities. Atom - the smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties
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Work and Energy. 1. What is the work done by a force of 20 N acting through a parallel distance of 8.0 m? What force will do the same work through a distance of 4.0 m? [160 J‚ 40 N] 2. A push of 120 N is applied along the handle of a lawn mower producing a horizontal displacement of 14.0 m. If the handle makes an angle of 30.0o with the ground‚ what work was done by the 120 N force? [1.45×103 J] 3. A rope making an angle of 35.0o drags a 10.0 kg toolbox a horizontal distance of 20
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Chapter 11: Cell Communication Concept 11.1 External signals are converted to responses within the cell. I. Evolution of Cell Signaling 1. signal transduction pathway. a specific cellular response in a series of steps 2. signaling mechanisms first evolved in ancient prokaryotes and unicellular eukaryotes‚ then adopted for new uses 3. quorum sensing. allows bacterial populations to coordinate behaviors to carry out activities only productive when performed by a given number of cells
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Chapter 4 Microscopes Two important factors in microscopy are: 1) Magnification: an increase in the object’s apparent size compared with its actual size. 2) Resolving Power: the ability of an optical instrument to show two objects are separate. Three types of microscopes: 1) Light Microscope (LM) M: 1000x RP 0‚2 micrometer (small bacterial cell) 2) Electron Microscope (EM) uses a beam of electrons to resolve electrons‚ better resolving powers than light microscope M:100‚000x RP 0
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“Ghiselin’s argument is a philosophical one. The question of the individuality of species will not be settled by biologists alone”‚ then he adds this as a solution: “He himself supports a biological species concept and makes a strong case for this particular answer to the question of the proper definition of "species." However‚ his main concern is not with the definition of the term‚ but with the classification of species - and this‚ he recognizes‚ is a question of metaphysics.” (Teehan‚ 1999‚ pp. 379-380)
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CHAPTER 24 PROBLEMS AND CASE PROBLEM 24-1 Annual Budget $18‚000 Gasoline Oil‚ minor 5‚626 repairs .. Outside repairs 4‚500 Insurance 28‚000 Salaries & 90‚000 benefits Depreciation 66‚000 202‚125 Total miles 375‚000 Cost per mile $0.539 No. of Cars 15 One-Month Budget 1‚500 April Varianc Actual e 1‚720 220 469 550 81 375 1‚500 495 1‚600 120 100 7‚500 7‚500 5‚500 16‚844 31‚250 $0.539 15 5‚867 17‚732 35‚000 $0.507 16 367 888 Required: Employing flexible budgeting techniques‚
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