Discuss Psychological Explanations of Schizophrenia [8+16] AO1: The cognitive approach acknowledges the role of biological factors. Frith 92 found a disconnection between frontal areas of the brain concerned with action and the posterior areas of the brain that control perception‚ explaining auditory hallucinations. This causes a split from reality where sz are unable to distinguish between actions brought by external forces and those generated internally this then causes the positive symptoms of
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A biological view points to genes as a factor. Those with relatives who have the disorder are more at risk to develop the disorder as well. Identical twins are more likely to develop the disorder if the other twin has been diagnosed. Biochemical abnormalities
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One psychological explanation of anorexia nervosa is the behavioural approach. This approach explains that anorexia nervosa(AN) is learnt through both classical and operant conditioning as well as social learning theory. Classical conditioning is involved with making an association with eating and anxiety. Therefore anorexics seek to lose weight/not eat to reduce their anxiety. Once this association has been made operant conditioning starts playing its part through negative and positive reinforcement
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some of the ways in which Marxists explain crime (12 marks) Marxists idea of crime is strongly linked to capitalism and the way it creates conditions for crime through exploitation and competition. There are two branches of Marxism; traditional and Neo-Marxism. They both focus on the idea of criminogenic state‚ however Neo-Marxist theory links in with the labelling theory to explain crime. Traditional Marxists such as David Gordon (1976) argues that crime is a conscious‚ rational response to the
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Knowing the possibility of being predisposed to the same psychological disorder‚ numerous people would have a hard time coping with this impediment—furthering the apprehension they face. Genetics plays a large role in the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. Biological influences such as genes‚ neurotransmitter functioning and predisposition contribute exponentially to the development and maintenance of anxiety disorders. These biological dynamics influence when and how anxiety disorders emerge
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Outline and evaluate explanations of eating disorders based on the biological model of psychological abnormality [18] Explanations tend to fall into four categories: • Evolutionary • Genetic • Neuroanatomy • Biochemical Evolutionary explanations of behaviour are based on Darwin’s theories of natural and sexual selection. These theories have been applied to eating disorders. It is suggested that the ability to control ones appetite and ignore hunger when food supplies
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Anyone can take part in a crime act‚ but there are individuals whose situation‚ environment and health will place them at a higher risk of committing crimes. These crimes fall into four main factors; psychological‚ biological‚ economic and social. one or more of these factors are used to explain an individual’s act s act of criminal offence. The more risk factors an individual has‚ the greater the risk of their crime. The psychological factor is broken down into four key traits‚ which will be explored
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Outline and evaluate biological explanations of obesity Various explanations can be provided for the reasons of obesity‚ from biological explanations‚ to neurological and evolutionary theories. Even socio-economic reasons could give insight into why some people have a higher likeliness of obesity Evolutionarily‚ the thrifty gene hypothesis provides insight as to why many suffer from obesity‚ as it suggests that our current genes are no longer suited to our new environment. Modern day society is
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centuries crime is what keeps the world in order but how can people understand crime? In Criminology we are taught to understand the aspects of crime. It is very important that people crime and the different perspectives. To understand the broadness of Crime we must understand the different theories and sub-theories of crime. Throughout criminology there are many theories that help to understand crime. The theories of crime give a more intimate perspective on why people commit the crimes they do.
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Discuss issues of reliability and validity associated with the classification and diagnosis of phobic disorders (24 marks) The biological explanation for the acquisition of phobic disorders establishes that phobias are caused by genetics‚ innate influences and the principles of biochemistry. This theory recognizes that an oversensitive fear response may be inherited‚ causing abnormal levels of anxiety. This is illustrated in the basis of inheritance‚ particularly the adrenergic theory that convicts
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