more than half of the water will ends up as POME. POME has a very high Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD)‚ which is hundred times more than municipal sewage. The raw or partially treated of POME has an extremely high content of degradable organic matter. As no chemical were added during the oil extraction process‚ it is identified as a major source of aquatic pollution by depleting dissolved oxygen when discharge untreated into the water bodies even if its major behavior
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THE UNIVERSITY OF HULL Department of Biological Sciences Level Six Examination May/June 2012 Freshwater Fisheries and Conservation Wednesday 30th May 2012‚ 1.30 – 3.30 p.m. 2 hours Answer THREE questions Use a separate book for each answer Use diagrams where appropriate Where shown the % indicates the mark distribution within a question Do not open or turn over this exam paper‚ or start to write anything until told to by the Invigilator. Starting to write before permitted to do so may be
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1.1. Introduction The study describes and analyses the relationship between the production of waste in animal product processing industries on the one hand and the prevention and treatment of the waste on the other. The industries discussed are slaughterhouses‚ tanneries and the dairy industry. The report offers a summary of the knowledge on production‚ prevention and treatment of waste in these three animal products processing industries. Because of the limited time available for this study‚ the
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Generally‚ Palm oil mill effluent (POME) contains high chemical oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) which can pollute the environment ecosystem if it is not treated properly. The characteristics of fresh POME are that it is highly viscous liquid‚ brownish in colour and discharged at a temperature of 80-90oC. Moreover‚ POME is extremely poisonous with a very low pH between 3.5 and 4.2‚ high chemical and biological oxygen demand (COD: 16-100 g/L‚ BOD5‚ 30oC: 10-44g/L)‚ high suspended solids
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Characteristics: Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) is a measure of the amount of dissolved oxygen needed by aerobic biological organisms living in a body of water to break down organic material in a given sample over prescribed conditions. It is a widely used as an indication of the organic quality of water. The BOD value is most commonly expressed in ppm (parts per million) and is often used as a robust surrogate of the degree of organic pollution of water.5 Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) is very similar
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DECISIONS SERIES Oxygen Saturation A Guide to Laboratory Assessment BY SHANNON HAYMOND‚ PHD uman life depends on the oxygen transport by hemoglobin. In healthy patients‚ the majority of molecular oxygen (O2) is bound to hemoglobin and only a small fraction is dissolved in blood. But in patients with respiratory problems or certain metabolic and genetic disorders‚ the fraction of oxygenated hemoglobin can fall to dangerously low values. Therefore‚ laboratory assessment of oxygen saturation (SO2)—the
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Oxygen – Carbon dioxide Cycle The Carbon Dioxide- Oxygen Cycle relates to the relationship between Carbon Dioxide [CO2] breathing plants and Oxygen [O2] breathing life forms. All oxygen-breathing life forms take in Oxygen and exhale CO2. Plants take in the CO2 and use it in their photosynthesis process and in turn give off oxygen. The Carbon Dioxide-Oxygen Cycle is a continuously occurring process whereby animals inhale Oxygen and then exhale carbon dioxide‚ and plants use the CO2 and "exhale"
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Biochemical Conditions and Crime Many factors can contribute to the activities linked to crime‚ some criminologists turned to the biological basis of criminology. Research efforts have been made to better understand the areas of biochemical and neurophysiologic factors that have been associated to crime. There are several areas of interest in biochemical factors such as diet‚ sugar‚ hormonal imbalances‚ and environmental contaminations. What people eat and take into their bodies may control
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Biochemical weapons are a major factor in warfare in the upcoming years. These weapons are easy to make‚ efficient‚ and deadly which increases the threat even more if in the wrong hands. Biochemical weapons have been used in the past including World War 1‚ World War 2‚ Iran-Iraq War‚ and acts of terrorism. Many bacterial‚ viral agents and toxins can put public health in risk‚ in the case of biochemical attack. These pathogens‚ if used‚ will pose a huge dilemma with public health and can cost many
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Objectives 1. To determine biochemical activities of microorganisms. 2. To observe the product of biochemical activities of microorganisms. 3. To learn the skills of inoculation agar tubes and agar plates. Introduction Microorganisms are able to carry out different biochemical activities with the ease of different enzymes. Each of these enzymes carries out one specific type of the chemical transformation. They convert substrates into product. A) Carbohydrates Fermentation Microorganisms utilize
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