Business Strategy Notes VRIO Framework1 The VRIO Framework and the Resource-Based View2 In the last three weeks we have looked at how firms can get a competitive advantage. Today we focus primarily on the sustainability of a firm’s competitive advantage. That is‚ what determines whether a firm’s competitive advantage will be short-lived or whether it will endure a long time? We will consider this question within Barney’s VRIO framework (outlined below) within the resource-based view. Under the resourced-based
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WORLD BANKThe World Bank provides financial and technical assistance to emerging market countries. The World Bank is not actually a bank in the common sense. Instead‚ it consists of two development institutions -- the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA)-- owned by 186 member countries. It’s a sister institution to the IMF. The members of the international monetary fund are also the membersof the world bank. As of 1986‚ world
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BOYAN JOVANOVIC New YorkUniversity The Diversification of Production produce more than one product. In this sense their production is diversified‚ or horizontally integrated. This paper addresses two questions. First‚ why have firms become more diversified over the past century? And second‚ why are diversified firms more oriented toward research and development (R&D) than nondiversified firms? I tackle these two questions under the assumption that a firm diversifies to maximize its efficiency
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PepsiCo ’s Diversification Strategy in 2008 PepsiCo was the world ’s largest snack and beverage company‚ with 2007 net revenues of approximately $39.5 billion. The company ’s portfolio of businesses in 2008 included Frito-Lay salty snacks‚ Quaker Chewy granola bars‚ Pepsi soft drink products‚ Tropicana orange juice‚ Lipton Brisk tea‚ Gatorade‚ Propel‚ SoBe‚ Quaker Oatmeal‚ Cap ’n Crunch‚ Aquafina‚ Rice-A-Roni‚ Aunt Jemima pancake mix‚ and many other regularly consumed products. Company History
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Introduction The size and range of online advertisement is increasing dramatically. Businesses are spending more on online advertisement than before. Understanding the factors that influence online advertisement effectiveness is crucial. This study seeks to explore the factors that contribute to the effectiveness of online advertisements and affect consumer purchasing intention from the perspective of developing countries. Online advertising has grown rapidly in the last decade. By 2000 online
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Rural Diversification: The Lake District: Farm Diversification: In the Lake District‚ there are a number of ways in which farm diversification has taken place. For example‚ as the income that farmers receive has decreased‚ they have to creative new ways to make money. On way of doing this is when their sheep are clipped‚ although their fleece is poor quality and colour‚ they can sell it for loft insulation or carpets. Also‚ the Lake District has become a popular tourist destination and as a result
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funds offer a quick and relatively inexpensive way to diversify‚ the purpose of this article is to address the issue of risk reduction through international diversification. This article also provides support for the hypothesis that international market correlations increase after unexpected exogenous shocks. The implication is that diversification benefits may be reduced after such events. National economies have recently become more closely linked‚ not only because of growing international trade
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Chapter Three Steps toward Export Diversification 3.1 Formation of Product and Service specific Business Promotion Councils: 3.1.1 Ministry of Commerce has formed Several sector/ product and service specific Business Promotion Councils as a joint initiative of the government and the private sector within the scope of the Company Act 1994 for diversifying export‚ improving and ensuring the quality of products‚ acquiring appropriate technologies‚ fulfilling compliance requirements‚ marketing
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Introduction Diversification is a method of investing that been shown to increase portfolio return while reducing portfolio risk as measured by standard deviation. This method specifically increases the efficient frontier for investors. The challenge to an investing firm is an appetite by its customers for an ever increasing efficient frontier. One area to explore to obtain this increase is through further diversifying through international diversification. International portfolio diversification gives
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effect on the business landscape of most organizations and the market place they operate in. The goal of IT as such should be directed toward the alignment of IT strategy with an organization ’s overall business strategy (Mulcay‚ 2001). It is argued though that the inability to successfully derive value from IT investment is‚ for the most part due to a lack of alignment between IT and business strategies. Johnson and Scholes cited by Riley (2012) define strategy as follows "Strategy is the direction
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