frequency of substance use‚ mood‚ and anxiety disorder. (Blanco et al.‚ 2013) Several medications are available and effective in treating anxiety disorders. These include benzodiazepines; Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs)‚ Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors (SSRIs) and other serotonergic medications‚ such as buspirone. Benzodiazepines are extensively used for anxiety disorders‚ but some of their properties make their use debatable in patients with preexisting alcohol use disorders and anxiety disorders
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treatment‚ as it relates to relevant mental disorders. Since the discovery of benzodiazepine sin 1955 initially‚ cholrdiazepoxide (Librium) and approximately 30 other benzodiazepines have been introduced clinically Ascited by (Tan‚ Rudolph& Lüscher‚ 2011) alprozalam (Xanax)‚clonazepam (klonopin)‚diazepam(Valium) and lorazepam( Ativan) are four‚ benzodiazepines are listed in 200 of the most prescribed drugs in the USA. Benzodiazepines are categorized according to their pharmacokinetic characteristic. Which
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central nervous system. Benzodiazepines‚ a category of anxiolytic drugs that also serves as an indirect agonist for the GABAA receptor‚ are commonly used to treat anxiety disorders‚ and seizures. Examples of common benzodiazepines for insomnia are triazolam‚ estazolam‚ and loprazolam. In a meta-analysis done by‚ researchers analyzed the benefits and risk associated with use of benzodiazepines to treat insomnia in adults‚ and only identified studies that compared benzodiazepines with placebo‚ or another
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Sedatives are a diverse group of drugs manufactured for medical purposes to relax the central nervous system. Also known as tranquillizers or central nervous system (CNS) depressants‚ they encompass drug classes such as barbiturates‚ benzodiazepines‚ non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics‚ anesthetics‚ antihistamines and opioid narcotics‚ as well as herbal compounds. History of sedatives Before the era of modern medicine‚ the most commonly prescribed sedative to ease tension‚ cause relaxation and
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have died after consuming GHB or its analogs‚ often in combination with alcohol or other sedatives‚ which multiply its effect. [edit]Other drugs ▪ Chloral hydrate produces a sedative/hypnotic effect similar to that of benzodiazepines. A drink that has been spiked with chloral hydrate is often called a Mickey Finn.
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that the outcome of the surgery is unpredictable (Valenzuela Millan et al. 2010). Therefore‚ in order to reduce anxiety‚ benzodiazepines such as diazepam and lorazepam are commonly used (Fragen et al. 1976). Benzodiazepines can be given orally or intramuscularly to the patients a few hours before the operation in order to relieve anxiety‚ promote sedation and amnesia. Benzodiazepines act on a positive regulatory site on the GABAA receptor‚ a ligand-gated ion channel‚ enhancing the activity of GABA neurotransmitter
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The two most common treatments for social anxiety disorder are medication therapy (pharmacotherapy) and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). Both medication therapy and CBT have proven successful in treating social anxiety disorder. The clinician psychologist or physician can help choose the most appropriate course of action. Many find that a combination of medication and CBT is most effective. Other kinds of treatments include relaxation techniques‚ social skills training‚ and exposure (without
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One major aspect concerning the management of generalized convulsive status epilepticus is deciding which benzodiazepine should be used for treatment. “A seizure can represent an abrupt and transient occurrence of signs and/or symptoms resulting from an abnormal‚ excessive discharge from an aggregate of neurons in the brain.”1 If the seizure is continuous over a period it can be described as status epilepticus. Since the brain is so complex and seizure activity involves several neurons‚ many antiepileptic
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In the ABC News article “What Are Benzodiazepines (Such As Valium‚ Xanax)‚ How Do They Work‚ And How Are They Used To Treat Anxiety Disorders?”‚ Dr. Brian Brennan tells us that benzodiazepines “work by binding to a receptor which is located on neurons in the brain called the (GABA) receptor (see Figure 3).” The GABA receptor‚ as explained before‚ stops certain impulses in the brain that can lead to anxiety attacks. Benzodiazepines help the GABA receptor to work properly and prevent
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dependence‚ post cessation craving‚ and the withdrawal craving. Lorazepam and gabapentin have been used for the detoxification of alcohol dependent patients. Lorazepam is a type of benzodiazepine‚ an antianxiety medication. Gabapentin is a type of anticonvulsant drug originally used to prevent seizures. “Benzodiazepines represent the standard of care for the treatment of alcohol withdrawal” (Myrick‚ Malcolm‚ Randall‚ Boyle‚ Anton‚ Becker‚ & Randall‚ 2009). In recent studies‚ gabapentin has shown to
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