AP Biology Study Guide Chapter 11 1. Categorize chemical signals in terms of the proximity of the communicating cells. Local signaling – a. Paracrine signaling – a secreting cell acts on nearby target cells by discharging molecules of a local regulator (a growth factor‚ for example) into the extracellular fluid. b. Synaptic signaling – a nerve cell releases neurotransmitter molecules into a synapse‚ stimulating the target cell. Long distance signaling- c. Hormonal signaling – specialized
Premium Signal transduction
Biology Revision Notes Biochemical Tests: Proteins - add biurettes reagent to the sample. If protein is present‚ clear colour change from blue to purple. Reducing Sugars – add Benedict’s reagent to the sample. Heat in Bunsen or water bath. If reducing sugars are present‚ clear colour changes from blue -> orange red precipitate. Lipids – dissolve sample in ethanol. Slowly pour the solution into the water slowly. If lipids are present a white emulation forms on the surface. Starch – add iodine
Premium Immune system Enzyme Bacteria
w w w e tr .X m eP e ap .c rs om June 2003 GCE A AND AS LEVEL MARK SCHEME MAXIMUM MARK: 40 SYLLABUS/COMPONENT: 9700/01 BIOLOGY Paper 1 (Multiple Choice) Page 1 Mark Scheme A/AS LEVEL EXAMINATIONS – JUNE 2003 Syllabus 9700 Paper 1 Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Key D A C C A C D A B A B C B C D A D A C C Question Number 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 Key D B B A C C B B C D A C C D B B D B B C
Premium Cell membrane Cell Red blood cell
Enzymes Introduction This study allows the investigation of enzymatic reactions behavior. An enzyme is a protein catalyst reaction by lowering the activation energy required for that reaction. The enzyme is unaltered at the completion of the reaction. In this stimulation the amount of product produced during the course of an enzymatic product produced during the course of an enzymatic reaction will be measured. Hypothesis 1: What is the estimate optimal of ph? Hypothesis 2: What is the estimate optimal of temperature
Premium Temperature
Abstract For this lab the rate of photosynthesis was analyzed upon plant leaves. A sample of a light exposed and a not-light exposed leave were used to clearly identify the role of sunlight in the process of producing and storing energy. Aim We are trying to find proof‚ to demonstrate the necessity of light and chlorophyll in the process of photosynthesis. Background Photosynthesis occurs in organisms which contain chlorophyll. It’s a process that involves the chloroplasts to synthesize glucose
Free Photosynthesis Iodine
Biology - Main Questions And Answers: Complete the table with a tick if the statement in the first column is true‚ for each process. Write a simple equation to show how ATP is synthesised from ADP: ADP + Pi ATP Give two ways in which the properties of ATP make it a suitable source of energy in biological processes: 1. Energy released in small/suitable amounts 2. Soluble 3. Involves a single/simple reaction Humans synthesise more than their body mass of ATP each day.
Premium Anaerobic digestion Male Manure
Biology Lab Report (F.4) * Objective: To study the transpiration of a leafy shoot using the bubble potometer * Materials and apparatus: * Bubble potometer * Leafy shoot * Scissors * Basin with water * A fan * Plumbing tape * Method: Normal Condition: 1. The bubble potometer was filled with water. 2. The stem of a leafy shoot was cut under water. 3. The bottom of the stem was wrapped by plumbing tape. 4. The stem was fitted onto the photometer
Premium Water Transpiration Evaporation
biology FOLIO BIOLOGY POLLUTION NIK ‘AINAA SYAKIRAH BT NIK GHAZALI 5 IBNU SINA INTRODUCTION Pollution is the introduction of contaminants into a natural environment that causes instability‚ disorder‚ harm or discomfort to theecosystem i.e. physical systems or living organisms. It can also be define as any undesirable changes in physical‚ chemical or biological characteristics of the natural environment‚ brought about when harmful substances or energy released by human activities. Pollution
Premium Air pollution Water pollution Pollution
Section 1 : Identifying the Genetic Material Griffith’s Experiments In 1928‚ Frederick Griffith‚ a bacteriologist‚ was trying to prepare a vaccine against pneumonia. A vaccine is a substance that is prepared from killed or weakened disease-causing agents‚ including certain bacteria. The vaccine is introduced into the body to protect the body against future infections by the disease-causing agent. Griffith discovered that harmless bacteria could turn virulent when mixed with bacteria that cause
Premium DNA
effects of temperature on the membrane permeability of beetroot. I will be measuring the amount of anthocyanin that will diffuse out of the beetroot. The way in which I will measure the anthocyanin is to check the light absorbency of the solution using a colorimeter. The higher the reading on colorimeter the more anthocyanin present in the solution To find out the permeability of the beetroot membrane I will firstly cut out cylinders of beetroot using a cork borer‚ I will slice them into a certain
Premium Laboratory glassware Energy Molecular diffusion