rates have been observed to depend on aspect ratio ~ depth/width ! rather than the absolute feature size. 1 Several mechanisms have been invoked to explain the ‘‘rule’’ of aspect-ratio-dependent etching ~ ARDE ! ‚ but no general theory has emerged that captures the variety of seemingly conflicting experimental observations reported in the literature. 1‚2 For example‚ while an ion-neutral synergy model with pure neutral flux shadowing appears to be con- sistent with a wealth of
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that the rays where deflected by magnetic and electric fields‚ they were electrically charged. So‚ by measuring the deflecting cathode rays and how they were deflected by the different fields he was able to figure out the ratio between the electric charge and the mass of the ray’s e/m = 1.8 10-11
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Fifth Edition‚ last update October 18‚ 2006 2 Lessons In Electric Circuits‚ Volume I – DC By Tony R. Kuphaldt Fifth Edition‚ last update October 18‚ 2006 i c 2000-2008‚ Tony R. Kuphaldt This book is published under the terms and conditions of the Design Science License. These terms and conditions allow for free copying‚ distribution‚ and/or modification of this document by the general public. The full Design Science License text is included in the last chapter. As an open and collaboratively
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taxable supplies does not reach the prescribed threshold. Therefore‚ such businesses cannot charge and collect GST on the supply of goods and services made to their customers. Nevertheless‚ businesses can apply to be registered voluntarily. Businesses making taxable supplies have to be registered under GST if their annual sales turnover has exceeded the prescribed threshold. Only a registered person can charge and collect GST on the taxable supplies of goods and services made by him. GST is charged
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is a development of experiential observations of micro-vortex formation by Zackary Chiragwandi and colleagues at Göteburg University and Chalmers University. We believe the effect to be a surface effect‚ enhanced by the concentration of surface charge. We believe edge effects are important as they provide a structure for the initiation of the flow. We have attempted to link our Spinlet theory with our observations and those of Shiryaeva et al. We have made and tested a novel prediction that
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end would be attached to a cable. This cable would lead down to the ground where it would be buried very deep. The cable was to transmit the electric charge from the lightning on to the ground‚ thereby preventing a fire. Robert Millikan was an American experimental physicist‚ and Nobel Peace Prize winner in physics for his measurement of the charge on the electron and for his work on the photoelectric effect. He served as Chair of the Executive Council at Caltech from 1921 to 1945‚ that school ’s
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GRAVIMETRIC ANALYSIS Methods in GA Precipitation Method - involves isolation of an ion in solution by a precipitation reaction‚ filtering‚ washing the precipitate free of contaminants‚ conversion of the precipitate to a product of known composition‚ and finally weighing the precipitate and determining its mass by difference. From the mass and known composition of the precipitate‚ the amount of the original ion can be determined. Volatilization Method -the analyte or its decomposition products
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Brand equity is defined as the name‚ sign‚ term‚ symbol or design of what makes the goods or services different from those competitors and for seller groups. Although‚ the meaning indicates that it is the added value that has been brought with product or service; reflecting the consumers’ response: satisfaction‚ expectations‚ etc. 1) Evaluate American Express in terms of ‘brand equity’ What are the benefits‚ strengths and weaknesses associated with the company? American Express is an American
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There were many different scientific advances during the late 19th century‚ but one specific scientific advance that I will be discussing is the discovery of physics through X-rays and radiation‚ which was discovered by Wilhelm Röntgen. After he published a paper on his discovery of X-rays in 1895‚ there was great study and research done by physicists such as: Antonie Henri Becquerel‚ Marie Curie‚ and Ernest Rutherford on radioactivity and the formation of radiation through x-rays. Although Wilhelm
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Because they are such unique organisms‚ they accumulate different metal anions in the air than other organisms‚ like plants do‚ for example. Lichens attract toxic metal ions. An ion is a charged atom. If the ion has a positive charge‚ it is a cation. An ion with a negative charge is an anion. During the ion exchange process‚ Hydrogen‚ an anion‚ is released and metal cations move in. This process occurs when lichens are exposed to polluted air. When the lichens are dropped into any of the metal solutions
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