AUDIT EXPECTATION GAP The phrase "Audit Expectations Gap" was first introduced into the literature over thirty five years ago‚ by Liggio (1974)‚ under the Cohen Commission. It was defined as the difference between the levels of expected performance "as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements" The term ‘expectation gap’ is commonly utilized to describe the situation whereby a difference in expectation exists between a group with a certain expertise‚ and
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AUDIT EXPECTATIONS GAP Definition i) Liggio (1974a) defines it as the difference between the levels of expected performance as envisioned by the independent accountant and by the user of financial statements. The Cohen Commission (1978) on auditors’ responsibility extended this definition by considering whether a gap may exist between what the public expects or needs and what auditors can and should reasonably expect to accomplish. ii) According to Guy and Sullivan (1988)‚ there is a
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failures of financial services firms‚ the issues about ‘audit expectation gap’ have never been more important. Though it would take an enormous amount of effort to address these issues‚ I will argue that tremendous amounts could be done in order to close the gap down. In this essay I will discuss some of these issues and in particular the strategies to reduce the gap. Definitions Various definitions have been proposed for the audit expectation gap. Humphrey‚ Moizer and Turley (1992)‚ suggest that
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The Existence of Audit Expectation Gap: Bangladesh Perspective - Perceptions of Naïve Investors‚ Students and Professionals Regarding the Audit and Role of Knowledge Affecting the Gap. Abstract: The study investigates the existence of audit expectation gap in relation to society’s unreasonable expectations out of auditing in Bangladesh. This also identified the effects of auditing knowledge on the gap. Among all the classes of our society the accounting graduates are expected to have more
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AUDITING EXPECTATION GAP: NIGERIAN PERSPECTIVE Abstract The audit expectation gap is critical to the auditing profession because the greater the unfulfilled expectation from the public‚ the lower the credibility earning potential and prestige associated with the work of auditors. The study examined the level and nature of expectation gap (performance gap) between auditors and users of financial statements. It sought to establish whether audit expectation gap exists in Nigeria and the perception
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The Gap‚ Inc. History Address: 2 Folsom Street San Francisco‚ California 94105 U.S.A. Telephone: (650) 952-4400 Fax: (415) 427-2553 Website: www.gap.com Public Company Incorporated: 1969 as The Gap Stores‚ Inc. Employees: 169‚000 Sales: $14.4 billion (2003) Stock Exchanges: New York Ticker Symbol: GPS NAIC: 448140 Family Clothing Stores Company Perspectives: At Gap‚ Inc. we never stop moving. It takes thousands of passionate‚ dedicated and talented employees around
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Gap Inc. began its journey 1969 as a small retail store in San Francisco‚ California where it concentrated its sales on Levi’s jeans. In its early stages as a small retail business it was known as The Gap. By the end of the 1970’s‚ Donald and Doris Fisher‚ owners of The Gap‚ had expanded The Gap to six stores. The company went public in 1976. By the early 1980’s‚ The Gap had over five hundred stores; largely targeting a teenage customer base. In 1983 the Fishers hired Mickey Drexler as Gap
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Expectation Gap and Corporate Fraud: Is Public Opinion Reconcilable with Auditors’ Duties? Jeffrey Cohena‚ Yuan Dingb‚ Cédric Lesagec‚* and Hervé Stolowyc b Carroll School of Management at Boston College‚ USA China-Europe International Business School (CEIBS)‚ Shanghai‚ China c HEC Paris‚ France a This draft – October 28‚ 2010 – Please do not cite or circulate without permission – Comments welcome Acknowledgments. Cédric Lesage and Hervé Stolowy acknowledge the financial support of the
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licensed brewing arrangements. In Nigeria it trades under the name Guinness Nigeria and will be referred to as such from this point. Over the past few years Africa has been Diageo’s most dynamic growth region‚ delivering the highest proportion of its global growth. Guinness is by far Diageo’s largest brand in Africa accounting for over 30% of the region’s turnover and profits. Moreover in the last few years it has consistently delivered double digit growth. Nigeria overtook Ireland in 2007 as the
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NORTHERN NIGERIA: BACKGROUND TO CONFLICT Africa Report N°168 – 20 December 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................... i I. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................. 1 II. COMMUNITIES‚ ISLAM AND COLONIAL RULE ................................................... 2 A. THE PRE-COLONIAL ERA...................
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