current) at the end of the axon terminal (axon terminal- the swollen distal end of the motor neuron axon). When the action potential reaches the axon terminal the action potential causes the voltage- gated calcium ion channels to open allowing calcium to flow in from extracellular fluid. The presence of calcium in the axon terminal causes synaptic vesicles (synaptic vesicles- small membranous sacs that contain the neurotransmitter acetylcholine also known as ACH) to fuse with the axon terminals axonal membrane
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The Major Issues- Chapter 1 Module 1.1 1. The Mind-Brain Relationship a. Biological Psychology is the study of physiological evolutionary and developmental mechanism of behavior and experience. b. At the microscopic level‚ we find two kinds of cells: the neurons and the glia i. Neurons send messages to each other and also to muscles and glands. They have changing sizes‚ shape and functions. ii. Glia- which are most of the time smaller than neurons have many
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different functions like muscle control and triggers. Axon An Axon is a long‚ arm like structure that transmits information on to still other neurons. The axon is the elongated fiber that extends from the cell body to the terminal endings and transmits the neural signal. The larger the axon‚ the faster it transmits information. Myelin sheath Myelin sheath is an insulating envelope of myelin that surrounds the core of a nerve fiber or axon and that facilitates the transmission of nerve impulses
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Neuro notes for test 2! Cell membranes are composed of a lipid bilayer. It has different receptors that allow different ions to pass‚ depending on the conditions in the cell. Leak channels- always open allow ions to flow back and fourth across the cell membrane Na cl ‚K and Ca ions and they just flow back and fourth without any gate keeper or obstruction‚ When the neuron is at rest its cytoplasm is Negatively charged. That means that it is not going under depolarization‚ we use the term resting
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Action Potential An action potential‚ also called a spike‚ nerve impulse‚ and discharge‚ is the rapid reversal of charge of the cell membrane. These changes in charge occur within milliseconds‚ meaning the action potential travels very quickly down the axon in order to convey information over long distances. This transfer of information occurs within six phases and requires the presence of multiple pumps and channels embedded in the membrane to control ion concentration. Phase 1: The Resting Phase The
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potential it is first necessary to define the specific components of a neuron which are involved in the process.  Source http: //people.eku.edu/ritchisong From the diagram above the three main components of a neuron; the cell body‚ the axon and the dendrites can be identified. The dendrites which extend from the cell body are responsible for receiving
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appropriate sensory stimulus with a change in membrane potential that is You correctly answered: b. graded with the stimulus intensity. 2. If the depolarization that reaches the axon is large and suprathreshold‚ the result in the axon is You correctly answered: c. action potentials at higher frequency. 3. At the axon terminal‚ each action potential causes the release of neurotransmitter. This neurotransmitter diffuses to the receiving end of an interneuron‚ where it binds to receptors and causes
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are mostly closed. Experiment Data: Extracellular Fluid (ECF) Control Control Control Control High K+ High K+ High K+ High K+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Low Na+ Microelectrode Position Cell body extracellular Cell body intracellular Axon extracellular Axon intracellular Axon intracellular
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Introduction and Objective The action potential is an impulse of electrical activity. Action potential occurs when a neuron sends messages electrochemically down an axon called a nerve impulse. When a neuron is not stimulated or inactive‚ it is at resting potential. When a neuron is at rest‚ the electrical charge on the inside of the neuron is negative while the electrical charge on the outside of the neuron is positive. The resting membrane potential of a neuron is about -70 mV (mV = millivolts)
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called an axon. The axon’s role is to carry outgoing messages to neighboring neurons or to a muscle or gland. Axon can vary in sizes from 1-2 millimeters to 3 feet. Although the neuron has only one axon near the end of the axon it splits into terminal branches. When think of a nerve it is actually group of axons bundled together like a wire. The myelin sheath is a white fatty covering found on some axons. The myelin sheath is pinched in some places resembling a line of sausages. Not all the axons have
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