In recent years‚ as the collapse of some renowned companies‚ the issue of audit independence turns to be more and more concerned by the international regulators. Independence is the cornerstone of the auditing profession‚ and auditor’s opinion is suspect if lack of independence. However‚ in some circumstances‚ some potential threats of audit independence would be generated as jointly provision of non-audit and audit services to the audit client. Although it will create threats to independence‚ some
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Page 1 of 7 CPA REVIEW SCHOOL OF THE PHILIPPINES Manila AUDITING THEORY Professional Accounting Practice Related PSA : Preface to PSA and Related Services 1. The following statements relate to the accounting profession: I. To merit public trust and confidence‚ the professional person must convince the public that he will place public service ahead of personal reward. II. A CPA certificate is evidence of basic competence in the discipline of accounting at the time the certificate
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explain how an auditor goes about the process of auditing financial statements and presents the five basic stages that the auditor performed during the financial statement audit at Maryward Primary School in Kwekwe for the year ending 31 December 2012. In order to be in a position to fulfil auditing responsibility to report on the client’s annual financial statements‚ the auditor followed a series of procedures and activities as required by the auditing profession. The auditor applied the following
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MEANING OF AUDITING The word ‘Audit’ is originated from the Latin word ’Audire’ which means ’to hear’. In the earlier days‚ whenever there is suspected fraud in a business organization‚ the owner of the business would appoint a person to check the accounts and hear the explanations given by the person responsible for keeping the account and funds. In those days‚ the audit is done to find out whether the payments and receipt are properly accounted or not. The objective of modern day accounting
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Is the demand for auditing a regulatory artifact or market driven? Pre SEC era: There is evidence that before legislation on auditing existed there were still forms of auditing. In the medieval times there were the guilds‚ later audits were conducted by directors or shareholders of a company. In the 19th century US companies voluntarily contracted for audits. Current data on non-SEC companies In 1977‚ 80% of corporate audit clients of PwC are non-SEC-registrants (Biegler 1977). Privately owned
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Professional Conduct: An Empirical Investigation of Auditor and Public Perceptions. Journal of Business Ethics‚ (71)‚ 39-71. Retrieved from http://www.springer.com/ Louwers‚ T.‚ Ramsay‚ R.‚ Sinason‚ D.‚ Strawser‚ J.‚ & Thibodeau‚ J. (2011). Auditing & Assurance Services. New York‚ New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Su‚ S. (2006). Cultural Differences and Accounting Ethics: An Empirical Study for Accounting Students. International Journal of Organizational Innovation‚ 165-181. Retrieved from
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as part of their work in both the commercial and public sectors. They should also be of benefit to organisations considering establishing an internal audit function. Internal auditors should read these guidelines in conjunction with the Approved Auditing Standards contained in the Members’ Handbook and the Institute’s By-Laws (On Professional Ethics‚ Conduct and Practice) [Issued January 2007] and any requirements regarding internal audit set out in the relevant statutes or regulations. These guidelines
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INTRODUCTION This report consists of 5 reflections related to auditing standards and each case was extracted from internet sources. The purpose of this report is to reflect and understand each case. REFLECTIONS First reflection is on China sky case for its non-compliances with SGX. Next is the case on corporate governance where new rules were proposed to improve risk management and risk control. Third will be the extracted information of executives’ compensation in
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Introduction Centro Properties Group (Centro) owns develops‚ manages‚ and leases retail properties in Australia and New Zealand‚ it oversees a portfolio of more than 100 properties leased to supermarkets‚ department stores‚ and other retailers (Hoover’s Inc 2013). Centro created largely by former chief executive Andrew Scott and once valued at almost $10 billion by the market‚ the share price collapsed in December 2007 when the company revealed that it was struggling to refinance$1.3 billion. Centro
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92When audit risk is at an appropriately low level 83The possibility that the auditors may unknowingly fail to appropriately modify their opinion on financial statements that are materially misstated 49Investigate the identities and reputations of the client’s directors‚ officers‚ and major stockholders 51The reputation of management 81The company’s financial strength and credit rating. 85Make inquiries of the client’s banker‚ legal counsel‚ and predecessor auditor. 26Determine that independence
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