of radioactive decay‚ when an unstable nucleus splits into two or more pieces. One important process in particular it is responsible for is beta decay. This happens when a neutron emits an electron and transforms itself into a proton‚ changing the atom into another element. The weak force thus demonstrates itself primarily through changes in particle identity‚ rather than particle motions. While the strength of the weak force is
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model of atoms (1900)– negative electrons in a positive framework 1800‚ John Dalton‚ English chemist: • Proposed the atomic patterns‚ which account for the law of conservation of mass and the law of constant composition • All matter is made of atoms; atoms of an element are identical; each element has different atoms; atoms of different elements combine in constant ratios to form compounds; atoms are rearranged in reactions. • “Billiard ball’ model – atoms are solid
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electrons are posessed by each atom in the molecule. 2. If there is more than one atom type in the molecule‚ put the most metallic or least electronegative atom in the center. Recall that electronegativity decreases as atom moves further away from fluorine on the periodic chart. Arrangement of atoms in CO2: 3. Arrange the electrons so that each atom contributes one electron to a single bond between each atom. 4. Count the electrons around each atom: are the octets complete? If so
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caused by the lack of iodine causes the thyroid gland to grow to abnormal size. This medical condition is called goiter. * Trace elements- those required by an organism in only small quantities. Ex: Iron and Iodine 4. Subatomic particles * Atom- smallest unit of matter that still retains the properties of an element. * Three types of subatomic particles: neutrons‚ protons‚ and electrons. * Electrons travel nearly at the speed of light‚ forming a cloud around the nucleus. *
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Chapter 5: Solutions‚ Colloids‚ and Membranes Chapter Summary Mixtures and Solutions * A mixture maintains its identity regardless of the proportions of its components. * A mixture can be separated into its pure components through physical separation techniques. * The components are distributed uniformly throughout a homogenous mixture. * The components are not distributed uniformly throughout a heterogeneous mixture. * A solution is composed of a solvent and one or more solutes
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characteristics. * 1897: JJ Thomson discovered electron and isotopes‚ and invented the mass spectrometer. * 1898: Marie Curie discovered and isolated radium‚ a new element which unprompted disintegrated into other elements. This proved that the atoms of one element at least were not indivisible. * 1911: Ernest Rutherford established that the nucleus was very dense‚ very small and positively charged. He also assumed that the electrons were located outside the nucleus. * 1922: Niels Bohr
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ISOTOPES:ABUNDANCE AND ATOMIC MASS LAB Prelab A new atomic theory‚ in which all atoms of the same element are identical to one another and equal in mass‚ was proposed by the scientist Dalton. Although the theory had its flaws and was simple‚ it was revolutionary. Scientists became able to study the actual structure and mass of atoms after the discovery of radioactivity. Soon‚ isotopes were discovered‚ as atoms of the same element which have been built up to have different masses. Purpose The
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Atomic Spectrum is a series of lines of color produced when light from an excited atom is passed through a prism. It is also known as a line spectrum. Each element has its own unique atomic spectrum. Because of their unique nature‚ atomic spectra are also referred to as the "fingerprints of the elements." The series of lines of color that an atom will produce is related to the locations of the electrons on that atom and their relationship with the nucleus. Atomic spectra were fundamental pieces
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simulation‚ you will investigate how atoms’ electronegativity value affects the bonds they produce. When two atoms bond‚ a pair of electrons is shared between atoms. Electronegativity is a measure of a single atom’s ability to hoard electrons shared in that bond. In this lab you will work diligently‚ at your own pace‚ to answer a number of questions. To begin‚ from what you’ve already learned about the protons and electrons in an atom‚ what would cause an atom to have a high electronegativity value
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is because his work had information on protons‚ neutrons‚ and electrons‚ the main components that make up the atom‚ showed what the atom looks like when the three are put together‚ and had also been the discoverer of the nucleus which is the one of them most important parts of the atom’s structure. The discovery of the particles that
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