Thermodynamics & Heat Engines Basic Concepts Thermodynamics • • • • • • Thermodynamics= therme + dynamis Latin word therme means = heat Dynamis means = power or forces causing motion so‚ overall meaning of thermodynamics is heat–power or force interaction between system and surrounding. for example It is based upon general observation and those may be formulated in form of thermodynamic law as – Zeroth law of thermodynamics First law of thermodynamics Second law of
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PROPERTY DIAGRAMS OF PURE SUBSTANCES SUBJECT : ENGINEERING THERMODYNAMICS CONTENTS: * Phase and pure substance * Properties of a substance * P-V diagram for a pure substance * P-T diagram for a pure substance * P-V-T surface * T-S diagram for a pure substance * h-s diagram for a pure substance Thermodynamic Properties * Characteristics by which physical properties of system may be described. e.g. pressure‚ volume‚ temperature‚ entropy‚ enthalpy etc
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interpretation of temperature • Temperature • Heat • Thermal Expansion • Specific heat capacity • Expansion of water • Conduction • Convection • Radiation • Phases of Matter and phase changes • 1st Law of Thermodynamics • Thermodynamic processes • 2nd Law of Thermodynamics 1. How much heat (in Joules) is required to raise the temperature of 30kg of water from 15°C to 95°C? 2. What is the specific heat of a metal substance if 135kJ of heat is needed to raise 5.1 kg of the metal
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ABOUT PHYSICS AND SOME MAIN TOPICS: 1. Temperature 2. Heat and thermal heat (energy) 3. Heat capacity 4. Phases of water 5. Expansion 6. Ideal gas 7. Laws of thermodynamics 8. Heat capacity of gas 9. Specific heat capacity TEMPERATURE is a physical quantity that is a measure of hotness and coldness on a numerical scale.[1] It is a measure of the thermal energy per particle of matter or radiation; it is measured by a thermometer‚ which may be calibrated
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Choose one of the following atmospheric issues: air pollution‚ global warming‚ ozone depletion‚ and acid deposition. Then‚ respond to the following: What air pollutants combine and contribute to this issue? Briefly describe the health and environmental problems caused by the selected atmospheric issue. Provide one key solution to help either reduce the effects or recover from the effects of the selected issue Air pollutants that combine and contribute to Air pollution are mainly chemicals that
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ABSTRACT This experiment was carried out to determine the relationship between the pressure and the temperature of saturated steam in equilibrium. Besides that this experiment was also done to demonstrate the vapor pressure curve. The marcet Boiler was used for this experiment. When the pressure increases‚ the temperature also increases. Therefore‚ the relationship of pressure and temperature is directly proportional. The derived formulae and the data were used to calculate the slope. The dT/dP
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Thermochemistry Photo by: Arto Thermochemistry is the study of the heat released or absorbed as a result of chemical reactions. It is a branch of thermodynamics and is utilized by a wide range of scientists and engineers. For example‚ biochemists use thermochemistry to understand bioenergetics‚ whereas chemical engineers apply thermochemistry to design manufacturing plants. Chemical reactions involve the conversion of a set of substances collectively referred to as "reactants"
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Mechanical Engineering Department ME203 Thermodynamics Quiz # 1 (Term 072) Monday 17-3-2008 15 Minutes Student Name ID # A A gasoline line is connected to a pressure gage through a double-U manometer. For a given reading of the pressure gage‚ 1. Determine the gage pressure of the gasoline line. 2. Determine the absolute pressure of the gasoline line. King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals Mechanical Engineering Department ME203 Thermodynamics Quiz # 1 (Term 072) Monday 17-3-2008
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Absolute entropy is entropy calculated relative to the absolute reference point determined by the third law of thermodynamics. Absolute humidity (specific humidity or humidity ratio) is the mass of water vapor present in a unit mass of dry air; that is‚ it is the ratio of the mass of water vapor to the mass of dry air in atmospheric air. Absolute pressure is the actual pressure at a given position and it is measured relative to absolute vacuum (i.e.‚ absolute zero pressure). Throughout this
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Correspondence table CHAPTER 2 6th edition Sonntag/Borgnakke/Wylen The correspondence between the problem set in this sixth edition versus the problem set in the 5’th edition text. Problems that are new are marked new and those that are only slightly altered are marked as modified (mod). Study guide problems 2.1-2.22 and 2.23-2.26 are all new problems. New 5th Ed. New 5th Ed. New 5th Ed. 27 1 47 new 67 24 28 new 48 16 68 new 29 2 49 17 69 new 30 new 50 new 70 23
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