Experiment #1 – Aromatic Nitration The purpose of this lab is to convert toluene to nitrotoluene through the process of aromatic nitration. This is done by electrophilic aromatic substitution. The aromatic organic compound‚ toluene‚ is reacted under mild conditions with an electrophile‚ the nitronium ion‚ resulting in a product of nitrotoluene. Failure to use mild conditions may result in polynitration. Different reaction conditions were studied to understand the effect of nitrating agent
Premium Nitration Sulfuric acid Electrophilic aromatic substitution
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: The Nitration of Toluene Abstract This industrially important reaction of EAS: The Nitration of Toluene exhibits how the attack of a nitronium ion would give out major and minor products at different positions of toluene. This is an electrophilic substitution mechanism. Mixture of concentrated sulphuric and nitric acid will produce a nitronium ion‚ which will attack ortho-‚ meta- and para- positions at Toluene. (Mechanism at appendix). Introduction/Procedure
Premium Nitration Electrophilic aromatic substitution Sulfuric acid
Introduction Aromatic compounds‚ which are planar cyclic rings with (4n+2)π electrons‚ will not undergo simple addition reactions like those of alkyl substances. However‚ in the presence of an electrophile‚ aromatic compounds will undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution. In this type of reaction‚ two π electrons from the aromatic ring serve for the ring to act as a nucleophile and attack an electrophile. For nitration‚ this nucleophile is NO2+‚ which is produced by reacting nitric and sulfuric
Premium Benzene Electrophilic aromatic substitution Aromaticity
Abstract The aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbon are can be differentiate by .For example‚in the experiment involving aliphatic hydrocarbon which is cyclohexane that undergo the reaction with bromine water in the presence of UV light.This reaction is known as substitution reaction.The cyclohexane that react with bromine under present of UV light will change to slightly brown while the other one has no changeous which is still brown.For baeyer’s test‚the alkane which is heptanes will not undergo the
Premium Benzene Hydrogen Carbon
Lab 6: Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution(1) Nitration of Methyl Benzoate(2) Synthesis of 1‚4-Di-t-butyl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene byFriedel-Crafts Alkylation of 1‚4-DimethoxybenzenePurpose1)To carry out the nitration of methyl benzoate‚ and then identify the major product formed (position at which nitro-group substitution takes place) by thin-layer chromatography (TLC)‚ the percent yield and the melting point range. 2)To synthesize 1‚4-Di-t-butyl-2‚5-dimethoxybenzene by Friedel-Crafts Alkylation of
Premium Sulfuric acid Benzene Carbon
Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Introduction: Nitration is an example of an electrophile aromatic substitution reaction‚ where nitro (NO2) group is being substituted for a hydrogen on an aromatic compound. This is achieved by the formation of the nitronium ion by protonation of nitric acid from sulfuric acid. The zirconium ion is a strong electrophile and can react with aromatic compound such as Methyl benzoate to form an arenium ion intermediate. The arenium ion is then depronated to reform
Premium Benzene Electrophilic aromatic substitution Sulfuric acid
CHEMISTRY 220 PRACTICAL REPORT PRACTICAL 1 Title: Nitration of Acetanilide Aim : To observe how an Aromatic electrophilic Substitution reaction takes place via the nitration of Acetanilide i.e. how hydrogen on a carbon chain is replaced with a nitro group. Reagents and Chemicals: • Acetanilide (5g) • Glacial acetic acid (5mL) • Concentrated sulphuric acid (10mL &1.5mL) • Concentrated Nitric acid (2.0mL) • Methanol (30-50mL) Modification to experimental
Premium Sulfuric acid Electrophilic aromatic substitution Oxygen
Title: Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Objective: To prepare methyl-3-nitrobenzene from nitration of methyl benzoate. Results and calculations: Density = 1.094 g/ml = Mass of methyl benzoate = 1.094 g/ml x 2.8 ml = 3.0632 g no. of mol of methyl benzoate = = 0.022499 mol 1 mol of methyl benzoate produced 1 mol of methyl m-nitrobenzene. Therefore‚ 0.022499 mol of methyl benzoate produced 0.022499 mol of methl
Premium Electrophilic aromatic substitution Sulfuric acid Benzene
Mohammod Aminuzzaman Date: 24 February 2016 Tiltle: Nitration of Methyl Benzoate Objectives: -To prepare methyl-3-nitrobenzoate from nitration of methyl benzoate by electropilic aromatic substitution. -To calculate the percentage yield and get the melting point of methyl-3-nitrobenzoate. Introduction: Benzene contains compounds have special properties that make them to react differently than other molecules. The conjugated compound of dienes in aromatic rings give an extra stability to undergo addition
Premium Nitric acid Nitric acid Benzene
ABSTRACT: The electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction is the attack of a benzene ring on an electrophilic species resulting in the substitution of a proton with a functional group. The electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction nitration is used to nitrate methyl benzoate and acetanilide with a nitronium ion. Crystallization was used to purify the product. The melting point was used to determine its purity and the regiochemistry of the products. The methyl benzoate reaction product‚ methyl
Premium Sulfuric acid Electrophilic aromatic substitution Benzene