2 Chemical warfare What is Chemical Warfare: To understand chemical warfare you must first understand what a chemical agent is. A United Nations report from 1969 defines chemical warfare agents as " ... chemical substances‚ whether gaseous‚ liquid or solid‚ which might be employed because of their direct toxic effects on man‚ animals and plants ... ". This means basically that any chemical that is used to directly effect and harm a person‚ plant‚ or animal would be an act of chemical warfare
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APPLICATION OF THERMODYNAMICS THERMODYNAMIC OF GASES (ADIABATIC CHANGE) In thermodynamic of gases‚ we can study about the changes to the internal energy of gas and factors affecting the internal energy. Thermodynamic also involves work done and heat supplied or lost by a gas. THERMODYNAMICS The study of temperature‚ heat‚ and related macroscopic properties comprises the branch of physics. Thermodynamics deals with processes which cause energy changes (internal energy) as a result
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CHEMICAL BONDS Chemical Bonds I. Introduction Chemical compounds are formed by the joining of two or more atoms. A stable compound occurs when the total energy of the combination has lower energy than the separated atoms. The bound state implies a net attractive force between the atoms called a chemical bond. The two extreme cases of chemical bonds are the covalent bonds and ionic bonds. Covalent bonds are bonds in which one or more pairs of electrons are shared by two atoms. Covalent bonds
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Chemical Reactions Chemical Reactions Introduction In this paper you learn about the reactions that occur between backing soda and lemon juice. We will also describe what is occurring with the molecules on a molecular level. Lastly we will explain what chemical bonds are formed and or broken when lemon juice and backing soda. Observations of the Reactants When most people hear baking soda they think of the bright orange box sitting in their pantry or refrigerator soaking up the foul odors
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A Critical Analysis of the Effects of Chemical Castration and Physical Castration on the Recidivism Rates of Sex Offenders Introduction This paper examines the effects of chemical castration and physical castration on the recidivism rates of sex offenders. Using theory integration or the multifactor approach‚ the findings reveal there are several factors influencing sex offender recidivism. Both chemical castration and physical castration have the potential to reduce the recidivism
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Diamond Chemicals PLC Executive Summary Diamond Chemicals is considering two mutually exclusive projects‚ the Merseyside project and the Rotterdam project‚ for the production of polypropylene When considering the Merseyside project‚ senior-management wants a positive impact on earnings per share. The addition to earnings per share was £28‚800 with an average addition of £2‚000 per year2. Calculated with erosion‚ the addition to earnings per share was £18‚800 with an average addition of £1
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Chemical Periodicity Engr. Imelda Galera De La Salle University-Dasmariñas Dasmariñas‚ Cavite Philippines ABSTRACT Chemical periodicity was demonstrated using different samples of elements from Group IA‚ IIA and IVA. These samples are: Li2CO3‚ Na2CO3‚ K2CO3‚ MgCO3‚ CaCO3‚ BaCO3‚ Carbon‚ Tin‚ Silicon and Lead. Each sample was placed in a test tube‚ (one sample and one test tube) and the physical color‚ appearance and state was defined. Water was used to test the solubility of the element
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A chemical bond is an attraction between atoms that allows the formation of chemical substances that contain two or more atoms. The bond is caused by the electromagnetic force attraction between opposite charges‚ either between electrons and nuclei‚ or as the result of a dipole attraction. The strength of chemical bonds varies considerably; there are "strong bonds" such as covalent or ionic bonds and "weak bonds" such as dipole-dipole interactions‚ the London dispersion force and hydrogen bonding
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Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions and Equations Q.1. Why should magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ? Ans: Magnesium ribbon is a very reactive metal. When stored it reacts with oxygen to form a layer of magnesium oxide on its surface. This layer of magnesium oxide being a stable compound prevents further reaction of magnesium with oxygen. The magnesium is cleaned before burning in air to remove this layer so that the metal can be exposed to air properly. Q.2. Write the balanced
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Victoria Chemicals: The Merseyside Project Executive Summary Victoria Chemicals is facing pressures from investors to improve its financial performances. The plant manager is currently considering whether to accept a GBP 12million initial outlay project to renovate its polypropylene production line at Merseyside plant. The benefit of the plant is the lower energy requirement of production and a greater manufacturing capacity. This report consist a recommendation for the plant manager which consists
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