Logical Fallacies Response 1. Hasty Generalization: My father smoked four packs of cigarettes a day since age fourteen‚ and lived until age sixty-nine. Therefore‚ smoking really can’t be that bad for you. Explanation: This is a clear example of a hasty generalization. The writer concludes that smoking is universally not bad just because his or her father is still alive although he smokes a lot. The health risk of smoking cannot be claimed based on the case study of one person. It is very unreasonable
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John Hoogerhyde In the beginning of this section of Apology of Socrates‚ the jurors find Socrates guilty by a 281 to 220 vote. Socrates begins his next speech by revealing that he is not grieved by this decision‚ and that he is surprised only by the ratio of guilty to innocent votes‚ thinking the majority would have been against him. He tells the audience that the proposed penalty is death‚ yet he does not feel that is fair in his belief that he had never wronged anyone. He believed that what
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Plato‚ an ancient Greek philosopher‚ mathematician‚ and pupil of the philosopher Socrates‚ relays his interpretation of Socrates’ defence against the Athenian council in‚ An Excerpt from Plato’s Apology. In the writings‚ (which may be biased being as Plato was an admirer of Socrates)‚ Socrates attempts to dispel the charges laid against him. Throughout the excerpt‚ there is much acknowledgement surronding the scuttlebut in cirulation emcompassing Socrates‚ why and how he earned he vile names‚ his
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the same gods as Athens while extorting the truth for his personal benefit‚ disregarding the pureness of Athens and its youth. To begin‚ Socrates did not believe in the same gods as Athens‚ the easiest of his convictions to prove because of his Apology. In his plea‚ Socrates distracts the jury with stories of disbelievers. As the defense begins‚ he does not say that he does believe or disbelieve in the gods of Athens‚ since the easiest answer for an innocent man is “I did not do it.” Instead
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The Apology is written by Plato of Socrates’ trial‚ at 70 years of age Socrates was accused of impiety and corrupting the youth of Athens. Plato’s account consists of three speeches that were given by Socrates during this trial. Socrates speaks before the men of Athens‚ his jury‚ in 399 BCE and confesses he has forgotten who he was‚ he then recollects who he is‚ and finally he proclaims who Socrates is. The trial began with the prosecutors presenting their case against the accused before the
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Apology by Plato tells a story of Socrates‚ who was being accused of teaching others for a fee‚ corrupting the young and not believing in the gods. He asks the court to allow him to defend himself in his normal speaking manner because he had never been in a courtroom. Socrates starts by denying the charges against him. He claims that he has never asked for money from other people. He argued that young rich people with nothing to do would follow him and imitate his interviews of well-known wise people
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1. argumentum ad baculum a. Chairman of the Board: "All those opposed to my arguments for the opening of a new department‚ signify by saying‚ ‘I resign.’" b. The Department of Transportation needs to reconsider the speed limit proposals on interstate highways for the simple reason that if they do not‚ their departmental budget for Department of Transportation will be cut by 25%. c. I’m sure you can support the proposal to diversify into the fast food industry because if I receive any opposition on
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In Apology by Plato‚ passage 38d-39c‚ Socrates turns his attention to those who voted against him. He expresses that he was convicted because he did the opposite of what they wanted him to do which was to beg for mercy and try to avoid the death sentence like many others do. On the contrary‚ he was not ashamed or scared to reveal his truth nor did he try to avoid death. Socrates’ tone conveys his strong beliefs of doing what’s right‚ this idea of justice which is highlighted throughout his defense
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An Encyclopedia of Errors of Reasoning The ability to identify logical fallacies in the arguments of others‚ and to avoid them in one’s own arguments‚ is both valuable and increasingly rare. Fallacious reasoning keeps us from knowing the truth‚ and the inability to think critically makes us vulnerable to manipulation by those skilled in the art of rhetoric. What is a Logical Fallacy? A logical fallacy is‚ roughly speaking‚ an error of reasoning. When someone adopts a position‚ or tries to persuade
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Logical Fallacies Logical fallacies have existed since the dawn of time. As defined by Bassham et al a logical fallacy "is an argument that contains a mistake in reasoning." With this definition one must keep in mind that the definition of an argument according to Bassham et al is "a claim put forward and defended by reasons." The ability to recognize logical fallacy will enable one to break down an argument. This ability is crucial to the critical thinking process. Logical fallacies can be
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