. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION Free-space optical communication (FSO) is an optical communication technology that uses light propagating in free space to transmit data for telecommunications orcomputer networking. "Free space" means air‚ outer space‚ vacuum‚ or something similar. This contrasts with using solids such as optical fiber cable or an optical transmission line. The technology is useful where the physical connections are impractical due to high costs or other considerations. Free-space
Premium Laser Optical fiber
scale — Used for orientation of prism axis. 4- P.C.D knob— Used to read prism amounts greater than five prism diopters. 5- Prism diopter power scale-which is a dial on the side that lets you check to see what power the lens is. 6- Len stop-Aperture against which the lens rests. 7- Cylinder axis wheel 8- Filter level-Used to engage or remove green filter. 9- Lamp access cover- Provides access to change the lensmeter bulb. 10- Locking lever — Used to elevate or depress the position
Premium Lens Optics
of 800 or higher depending how long I need the exposures to be. Film slower than 400 works good for portraits because then I can use bigger apertures to blur out the background behind the subject in the middle of the day‚ as it is very insensitive to light. Then‚ I would load up my camera with the film‚ pick a subject‚ configure my camera settings (aperture and shutter speed)‚ and take my pictures. Once I’ve shot a whole roll‚ I then would rewind my film back into the cartridge and it’s off to the
Premium Photography
the above table‚ this is because you can also reduce the track pitch if you increase what is called the Numerical aperture of the lens you use. In fact how much information you can store on a disk depends on how small you can get the "spot size" of the laser beam and the radius of the smallest spot that you can get equals the laser light wavelength divided by the numerical aperture. (R=λ/NA) Method: 1. A table. 2. A CD or DVD (preferably blank) 3. A laser pointer with known wavelength. The
Premium Light Laser Wavelength
What Is Photography? Photography is the art‚ science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation‚ either chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film‚ or electronically by means of an image sensor. The result in an electronic image sensor is an electrical charge at each pixel‚ which is electronically processed and stored in a digital image file for subsequent display or processing. Typically‚ a lens is used to focus
Premium Digital camera Image sensor Photography
outstanding breakthroughs in the development of the television set. Farnsworth’s device worked differently than Zworykin’s. Farnsworth’s image receiving device worked on an anode finger‚ which is a pencil-sized tube that had a small aperture on the top of the tube. The small aperture on the top of
Premium Television
to make sure that the ratings match and the splicing is perfect along with the end faces meeting together. Next thing to discuss are the 3 factors for intrinsic performance. These factors are Numerical Aperture Mismatch‚ Core Diameter Mismatch‚ and Mode field Diameter Mismatch. A Numerical Aperture Mismatch can occur when the NA of one optical fiber is different from the NA of the other optical fiber. The connection mismatch in core diameter can occur when there is a difference in the core diameters
Premium Optical fiber Refractive index Refraction
spring-loaded valves which will open and close at a specific fuel pressure. The pump assembly consists of a pump which pressurizes the fuel‚ and a disc-shaped valve which rotates at half crankshaft speed. The valve has a single aperture to the pressurized fuel on one side‚ and one aperture for each injector on the other. As the engine turns the valve discs will line up and deliver a burst of pressurized fuel to the injector at the cylinder about to enter its power stroke. The injector valve is forced open
Premium Diesel engine
The inspection content of ball mill includes: 1‚ after the repair: the main check the oil amount‚ adjust each clearance‚ fortified by bolt‚ the replacement of individual liner or liner wear examination‚ repair feeder; 2‚ minor repair: check cleaning measurement of tooth surface wear‚ check the liner wear‚ replace if necessary; 3‚ repair: change the incoming parts‚ replacement drive small gear wheel and bearing‚ reducer strip inspection. Big gear in run 3-5 years of use can be adjusted according to
Premium Gear
Human Eye vs. Camera Lens Prof. Richard B. Baber The Art Institute of Tampa ENC-2210‚ Section A November 05‚ 2013 Abstract Being a photographer I have slowly started to notice similarities between how we see things and how a camera sees things. My research paper will be on just how similar our eyes operate compared to the lens on a camera body. What are the exact similarities and differences between the human eyes and a camera lens and in general terms‚ how a camera
Premium Photography Photograph Image