Fcps part1 paper November 2012 1000. Contractile unit in skeletal muscle is between.. a. h discs b. z lines c. t tubules 992. Diaphragm is supplied by a. C3 b. C3‚4‚5 c. C4‚5 d. C4‚5‚6 A 80 yr old male comes to surgical OPD ‚with complaint of watery discharge coming out from umbilicus ‚he has a prostatic enlargement for the last 5 yrs ‚what is the cause ? A) prostatic cancer B) patent vitelointestinal duct C) patent urachus D) constriction
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Vitamin C 1. Vitamin C is a required vitamin for the synthesis of collagen‚ norepinephrine‚ and carnitine. Collagen is a crucial component in the structure of blood vessels‚ tendons‚ ligaments‚ and bone. Norepinephrine is a neurotransmitter which is critical for proper brain function. Carnitine is a small molecule that is essential for transporting fat into the mitochondria of cells to be later converted into energy. Vitamin C is also used as a highly effective antioxidant to help protect key
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Sickle cell anemia Sickle cell anemia is a disease found right here in America‚ but in low levels compare to most of the world. The rate for disease is around five times greater in certain places in Africa. Sickle-Cell Anemia is often referred to as the “Negro-Inherited” disease‚ but that is incorrect. Although African Americans have a high occurrence of Sickle-Cell Anemia (1 in 400 African Americans)‚ many other nationalities suffer from the disease. Sickle-Cell Anemia affects 8 out of 100‚000
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of the patient. Once the nurse practitioner formulates and confirms the diagnosis of pernicious anemia and potential causes what education is important for the nurse practitioner to provide or the patient? The patient should be made aware that this type of anemia is a lack of vitamin b12 uptake and lack of intrinsic factor thus making this type of anemia an autoimmune disorder. The symptoms of anemia such as: headache‚ palpitations‚ fatigue‚ pale skin and dizziness may occur as well as sensitivity
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Anemia (ah-NEE-mee-ah) is a medical condition that occurs when a person does not have enough red blood cells. Red blood cells are important because they contain hemoglobin‚ a protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to the body’s muscles and organs. The body requires oxygen for energy. Therefore‚ when you are anemic‚ you may feel tired mentally and physically. Symptoms of anemia include:7‚8‚9‚10 · Fatigue · Weakness · Shortness of breath · Dizziness or fainting · Pale skin‚ including decreased
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called pernicious anemia‚ which is an auto immune disease that destroys parietal cells in the stomach that secrete intrinsic factor. (Chudakov‚ Masalha and Muhamad) A Vitamin B12 Deficiency occurs when the body is unable to properly use the vitamin This deficiency is a cause of anemia which occurs when there isn’t sufficient amount of hemoglobin in the blood. It prevents enough oxygen from reaching tissues and cells of the body. Pernicious anemia is a common cause of megaloblastic anemia though out the
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that targets red blood cells in the circulatory system . People with favism show symptoms of anemia or hemolytic anemia where there is very little red blood cells or the red blood cells burst. Other diseases that target red blood cells include sickle-cell anemia and thalassemia . J.B.S. Haldane (one of the first people to understand evolutionary pressure and its effects) suggested that sickle-cell anemia and thalassemia‚ helped its host better resist malaria (Dr.Moalem 89). Haldane’s hypothesis was
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dehydrogenase (abbreviated G6PD or G6PDH)‚ a metabolic enzyme involved in the pentose phosphate pathway‚ especially important in red blood cell metabolism. G6PD deficiency is the most common human enzyme defect. Individuals with the disease may exhibit nonimmune hemolytic anemia in response to a number of causes‚ most commonly infection or exposure to certain medications or chemicals. G6PD deficiency is closely linked to favism‚ a disorder characterized by a hemolytic reaction to consumption of broad beans‚ with a name derived
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Summary- This article is about an alternative way to treat Sickle Cell Anemia. Sickle Cell Anemia is caused by an inherited genetic mutation. The mutation prohibits oxygen from being transported to tissues. Typically‚ hemoglobin is made up of two alpha-globins and two beta-globins‚ which can each take or remove a molecule of oxygen. If a copy of the mutation is given by both parents‚ only defective beta-globins will be produced. These beta-globins will latch onto each other instead of to oxygen
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glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase. This enzyme is present in red blood cells and its deficiency can lead to hemolytic anemia. Red blood cells carry oxygen and G6PD protects these cells from natural oxygen chemicals that may build up when you have a fever or take certain medications. If there are too many of these oxidative chemicals‚ they can destroy the red blood cells‚ causing hemolytic anemia. The G6PD enzyme catalyzes the oxidation of glucose-6-phosphate to 6-phosphogluconate while also reducing NADP+
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