The Synthesis of Alkenes: The Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Adam Ohnmacht CHEM 0330 Scott Caplan 10/30/12 Abstract: In Organic Chemistry‚ many different methods are used to synthesize organic compounds from various components. In this lab‚ cyclohexanol was dehydrated to cyclohexene through an elimination reaction. In order to separate the cyclohexene product from the cyclohexanol starting component‚ previously learned lab techniques such as extractions and simple distillation were used.
Premium Alkene Organic reaction Organic chemistry
solvent. III. Equations H3PO4 + H2O IV. Mechanisms Step 1: Protonation of the hydroxyl group (fast equilibrium) Step 2: Ionization to a carbocation (slow‚ rate-limiting) Step 3: Deprotonation of the carbocation to give the alkene V. References Macroscale and microscale: Organic experiments‚ 5th ed. (2007)‚ K.J. Williamson‚ R. Minard‚ and K.M Masters. Houghton Mifflin Company. P.p. 351-352. Organic Chemistry‚ 7th ed. (2010)‚ L.G. Wade‚ Jr. Prentice Hall. P.p. 308-311
Premium Distillation Alcohol Oxygen
CH241 – Lecture Outline Chapter 6: Reactions of Alkenes Carbocations How are carbocations classified? What stabilizes a carbocation and why? What is the Hammond Postulate? How does the stability of the carbocation intermediate effect the number of products and why? What are the three types of carbocation rearrangements and why do they occur? Stereochemistry of Reactions (read 6.14 in 7th edition before class) What are the three ways a reaction can have stereochemistry? (a) What is
Premium Hydrogen Alkene
Alkenes from Alcohols: Analysis of a Mixture by Gas Chromatography Aim: To analyze a mixture of alkenes by gas chromatography. Introduction: In this lab‚ we specifically used elimination reaction; however we only used the E1 reaction. In the presence of strong acids‚ alcohols protonate to form a good leaving group‚ namely water. Upon loss of a proton to a good leaving group‚ an introduction of unsaturation (a double bond) can be preformed. According to Wikipedia‚ an E2 reaction is typically
Premium Alkene Organic reaction Chromatography
Cyclohexanol Gjulia Vokrri 02-15-2013 Abstract Alkenes can be produced by heating and dehydrating an alcohol in the presence of a strong acid. The purpose of this experiment was to synthesize cyclohexene by dehydration of cyclohexanol and to detect the presence of a double bond in the alkene. The dehydration reaction using distillation was performed using two acid catalysts‚ 85% phosphoric acid and
Premium Alkene Distillation Sulfuric acid
dienophile is an electron-deficient alkene. The Diels-Alder is also called a [4+2] cycloaddition because a ring is formed by the interaction of four pi electrons of the alkene with two pi electrons of the alkene or alkyne. The product of the Diels-Alder reaction is usually a structure that contains a cyclohexene ring system. The mechanism of the reaction involves a cyclic flow of electrons in a single step in which the diene‚ supplies 4 π electrons and the alkene or alkyne‚ also called the dienophile
Premium Alkene Covalent bond Chemical bond
classes: alkanes have only single bonds‚ and are said to be saturated; alkenes and alkynes have carbon-carbon double or triple bonds‚ and are said to be unsaturated. Aromatic hydrocarbons are cyclic compounds whose structure is related to that of benzene‚ with six -electrons in a six-member ring. Aliphatic Hydrocarbons such as Alkanes are relatively inert to chemical oxidizing agents such as neutral or alkaline permanganate‚ where alkenes are readily oxidized at room temperature. The change in color can
Premium Alkene Hydrocarbon Potassium permanganate
Nate Rhodes The Synthesis of Alkenes: Dehydration of Cyclohexanol Organic Chemistry Lab 1 Tuesday 8:00 11/08/11 Paul Jackson Abstract: The goal of this experiment was to form cyclohexene from cyclohexanol through a dehydration reaction. Cyclohexene was successfully synthesized according to the bromine test performed and the IR spectra. There was a percent yield of cyclohexene of 76.1%. Introduction: Alkenes‚ hydrocarbons containing at least one carbon-carbon double bond‚ are important
Premium Alkene Distillation Alcohol
molecules to join together. This is the reversed for a decrease in temperature the molecules move around less so there is less interaction between solute and solvent. We also differentiated alkanes and alkenes. Alkanes only contain c-c single bonds‚ are saturated‚ and are the least reactive. Alkenes are c=c double bonds‚ more reactive than alkanes‚ and unsaturated. In the next part of the experiment we added
Premium Hydrocarbon Alkene Functional group
Alkenes by Elimination Kyle Peterson Chem. 243a Matt Judd‚ Sec. 25 Date Performed: 11/12/03 Abstract: The objective of this experiment is to successfully perform a dehydration of a 2-butanol and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane to form the products 1-butene‚ trans-2-butene‚ and cis-2-butene. It was found that a dehydration of 2-butanol yielded 4.6% 1-butene‚ 67.3% trans-2-butene‚ and 28.1% cis-2-butene‚ and a dehydrohalogenation of 2-bromobutane yielded 19.1% 1-butene‚ 69.9% trans-2-butene
Free Chromatography Alkene Gas chromatography