C-O (stretch) 788 Alkene =C-H bending (stretch) 786-845 Alkene =C-H bending (stretch) Pure (E)-α-phenylcinnamic acid 3054 Aromatic =C-H (stretch) 5053 Aromatic =C-H (stretch) 2616-3054 Carboxylic acid O-H (stretch) 2516-2951 Carboxylic acid O-H (stretch) 1676 Carbonyl C=O (stretch) 1673 Carbonyl C=O (stretch) 1599&1493 Benzene C=C (aromatic stretch) 1573&1493 Benzene C=C (aromatic stretch) 1293 Carboxylic acid C-O (stretch) 1271 Carboxylic acid C-O (stretch) 788 Alkene =C-H bending (stretch)
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Dehydration refers to a chemical reaction where the reactant loses a water molecule. In the presence of a strong acid like 85% phosphoric acid‚ an alcohol like-2-methylcyclohexanol can be dehydrated to form an alkene. In this experiment‚ alcohol was dehydrated by E1 elimination‚ in order to synthesize cyclohexene. First‚ alcohol is protonated by the acid. Second‚ during E1 elimination‚ a carbocation is formed by the removal of an oxonium ion to yield a secondary and a tertiary carbocation. The receiving
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Lecture # 1 Organic Chemistry- 1. It is a science that deals with the study of Carbon compounds but not all compounds containing under organic compounds. Non-Organic Compounds a. CO- Carbon monoxide b. CO2- Carbon dioxide c. CO3- Carbonates d. HCO3- Hydrogen carbonates e. CN- -Cyanides 2. There are over millions of compounds and inorganic is approximately 100‚000. 3. A science that deals with matter obtained from natural or living sources. 4. Study of Carbon Compounds
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Sophomore Organic Chemistry laboratory curriculum. In one line of inquiry it has been observed that a mixture of 2-methylcyclohexanol diastereomers gives rise to a mixture of three isomeric alkenes Todd(1994)JCE:71‚p440; Feigenbaum(1987) JCE:64‚ p273; Cawley (1997) JCE:74l‚ p102. Explaining the presence of the three alkene products requires an intense synthesis of information communicated in a typical SOC textbook. The continued popularity of this experiment is corroborated by the observation that Googling
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Cyclohexanol Aim: To prepare an alkene‚ cyclohexene‚ by the dehydration of an alcohol‚ cyclohexanol‚ and better understand the processes that take place during this reaction. Introduction: One of the common ways of preparing an alkene is through the dehydration of an alcohol. In this experiment cyclohexanol is dehydrated to prepare cyclohexene while using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. A bromine test can be later done to ensure that the end product is an alkene. Procedure: The procedure
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branched chains having different boiling points to straight chains Suggest how cracking can be used to obtain more useful alkanes and alkenes of lower Mr from larger hydrocarbon molecules The breaking up or large hydrocarbon chains into smaller molecules for alternative uses. Cracking produces a mixture containing mainly alkanes‚ alkenes or hydrogen. Alkenes are industrially useful molecules and smaller alkanes are used in fuels such as petrol. Thermal Cracking: high temperatures (typically
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get to see or realize that where n how we having our life much easier than it used to be. In these writing assignments‚ the topic is about the organic chemistry. In organic chemistry‚ we all have different kinds of compounds. In addition‚ alkanes‚ alkenes‚ and alkynes are the parts of the organic and inorganic compounds. We also can learn about the structural formula they all have in different form. Polymerization is another type of chemical reaction that we get to know. There is also a difference
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Name : ……………………………………………………………….. Date Due : …………………………………………………………….. Year 12 80% A 70% B AS Level Chemistry 60% C 2008 – 2009 50% D 40% E Below U Questions on % Haloalkanes 2.8 32 1. Chloromethane can be prepared by a reaction between methane and chlorine in the presence of ultraviolet radiation. (i) Outline the mechanism for this reaction. .....................................................................................
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Appendix APPENDIX 1 Chemical tests for functional groups Homologous series/ Typical compound Functional group(s) Alkanes CH3CH3 ethane C – C and C–H Alkenes CH2 = CH2 ethene C=C Chemical tests/Observations Add liquid bromine in ultraviolet light (or sunlight): White fumes of HBr liberated; decolourisation of bromine occurs slowly (a) Add Br2 in CCl4 at room temperature: Decolourisation of bromine occurs immediately CH2 = CH2 + Br2 → CH2BrCH2Br (b) Add acidified
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P. Stonebraker Organic Chemistry II lecture UCB Extension Spring 2013 Extra Credit Report Papers Paper is strictly optional. Write a 4-6 page paper on a subject approved by the instructor (either picked from the list below or picked by yourself). Emphasis in the paper should be on the organic chemistry associated with the subject (how it is synthesized‚ uses‚ etc.). No two students can research the same subject. Maximum value of the paper will likely in the 20-40 point range‚ depending
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