S-20 Week 1 Alkenes: Isomers and Nomenclature 1. There are 6 unique alkene isomers of the hydrocarbon C5H10. Draw each of these isomers‚ and provide a systematic name for each. 1-pentene (E)-2-pentene (Z)-2-pentene 2-methyl-1-butene 2-methyl-2-butene 3-methyl-1-butene 2. For the three alkenes above which are various isomers of pentene‚ rank them in order of stability. Explain your ranking. most stable (more subst. double bond) less stable (cis alkene is slightly less
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Under reflux conditions‚ a bromohexane compound is synthesized from 1-hexene and HBr(aq). The desired product‚ 2-bromohexane‚ is analyzed to see if it is produced according to Markovnikov’s rule‚ which states that when an alkene reacts with a hydrogen halide (HBr) to form an alkyl halide‚ the H+ is added to the carbon with a greater number of hydrogen substituents to form a more stable carbocation and the halogen (Br-) is added to the carbon with fewer hydrogen substituents. A heterogeneous mixture
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reaction occurs when a leaving group‚ which consists of a weak base‚ leaves an organic compound‚ leaving an intermediate carbocation. In the second step‚ a carbon on the organic compound is deprotonated by a Lewis base‚ resulting in the formation of an alkene. The dehydration reactions of 1- and 2-Butanol with sulfuric acid occur through an E1 mechanism‚ so they follow the steps previously
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equation. [3 marks] d) The quality assurance manager of the production plant found out that the method in (c) is not very efficient and has decided to look for an alternative pathway to produce nhexane. He suggested on forming an intermediate step of alkene‚ which later undergoes reduction reaction to form n-butane. Propose two reaction pathways to produce n-butane‚ writing the complete chemical reaction equations. [10 marks] e) n-hexane is a type of alkane. List three physical properties of alkane.
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Polymerization Chain Propagation: Cossee-Arlman Mechanism = good basic mechanism. Cossee et al.‚ J. Catal.‚ 1964‚ 3‚ 80 & 99. 1‚2-insertion alkene coordination R [M] R [M] [M] R CH2 C H2 [M] R Green-Rooney Mechanism involving metathesis-like step = totally wrong ! CHP CH2P [M] α-elimination [M] H CHP [M] H PHC H [M] R reductive elimination PH2C [M] R alkene coordination R metathesislike process This Mechanism DOES NOT Occur Proposed by Green‚ Rooney et al.‚ J. Chem. Soc.‚ Chem
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be gases as‚ propane‚ they can be liquids‚ for example‚ benzene‚ or they can be low-melting solids and waxes‚ for example‚ polystyrene. There are four classifications of hydrocarbons; saturated hydrocarbons or alkanes‚ unsaturated hydrocarbons or alkenes and alkynes‚ cycloalkanes‚ and aromatic hydrocarbons or arenes. The different between these groups is in the bond types between the carbons. Objective: 1- To observe the flame of cyclohexane and cyclohexene. 2- To observe the effect of adding sulphuric
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desired alkene product‚ trans-9-(2-phenylethenyl) anthracene‚ was found to be 132-134 ˚C‚ in comparison to the literature value melting point range of 130-132˚C‚1 it was slightly higher than expected. Overall‚ the experimental melting point range varied from the initial melting point temperature and maximum melting point temperature by 2˚C. As the experimental melting point had a small range of temperature variance and was above that of the literature value‚ it can be deduced that the final alkene product
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Abstract:The Wittig Reaction is a nucleophilic addition in which an alkene is formed as a product. Both the E and Z isomers of the alkene result. Substituents on the aromatic aldehyde affect the E/Z ratio of products that form. In this experiment‚ a nitro group was used as the substituent in the ortho‚ meta and para positions‚ with benzaldehyde as the control. Each of the four aldehydes reacted with (carbethoxymethylene) triphenylphosphorane to produce ethyl cinnamate‚ ethyl-3-(2-nitrophenyl)acrylate
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Energy 1. Living organisms make compounds which are important sources of energy * outline the role of photosynthesis in transforming light energy to chemical energy and recall the raw materials for this processco2+h2oglucose+o2+h2othis is then stored as carbs and starch | * outline the role of the production of high energy carbohydrates from carbon dioxide as the important step in the stabilisation of the sun’s energy in a form that can be used by animals as well as plants harnesses
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Alkanes This is the correct chemical term for compounds known as paraffins. They are considered the simplest organic compounds and are a family of chain hydrocarbons having the general formula C2H2n+2. All of the bonds are single bonds (-C-H-‚ and -C-C-). The chains can be straight or branched. The smaller members (less than 4 carbons) are gases‚ while larger ones (five to seventeen carbons) are liquids. Beyond seventeen carbons the alkanes are waxy solids. Structure: The simplest saturated acyclic
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