qualitative observations were used to determine the functional group that was in the unknown‚ the quantitative results were used to determine the molar mass through Duma’s method. The types of compounds that were used in testing were all functional groups‚ Aldehyde‚ Ketone‚ Alcohol and‚ Ester. Functional groups are a portion of a molecule that give the molecules its properties‚ they are the centers of chemical reactivity. The structures of the functional groups used in testing are displayed in Figure 1.0.
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out. Alkane<alkene<alkyne<ether Medium boiling point group: ketones‚ aldehydes‚ amines and esters This group of compound are all polar compounds‚ in other word‚ the strongest intermolecular force is dipole-dipole‚ which is much stronger than dispersion. For ketones and aldehydes‚ they both have oxygen‚ but oxygen is not bonding with hydrogen directly so that they cannot hydrogen bonding. Ketones are more polar than aldehydes because there are two CH3 groups bonded with the C=O. Amines have a similar
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BACKROUND INFORMATION Organic chemistry is the study of hydrocarbons and their various deviations. (Ex. natural gas‚ paper‚ proteins‚ carbohydrates) Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with carbon-carbon single bonds. (Ex. C-C) Unsaturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons with one of more multiple carbon-carbon bonds. (Ex. C=C double bond‚ triple bond‚ or both) Stereoisomers have the same molecular and structural formulas but different orientations of atoms in space. Constitutional isomers
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Title: Benedict ’s test for Reducing Sugars Testable Question: Are all carbohydrates reducing sugars? Hypothesis: If the carbohydrate contains available ketone or aldehyde molecules then they are reducing sugars. Variables: a. Independent: Function groups react w/ reagent b. Dependent: Color change (red‚ orange‚ yellow) Control: Water Materials: - 4 mL of each solution (Water‚ Starch‚ Glucose‚ Maltose‚ Sucrose‚ Onion Juice‚ Potato slice‚ Milk) - 8 test tubes
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DEPARTMENT OF PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY Visayas State University‚ Baybay City‚ Leyte CHEM31a – BIOCHEMISTRY Laboratory Report Name: Alyssa Diane Marie L. Baljon Date Performed: May 7‚ 2015 Course & Year: BSChem 2 Date Submitted: May 11‚ 2015 Lab Schedule: M-F 7:00-10:00 Score: Group No. 4 Experiment No. 3 Carbohydrates Objectives Use of chemical tests to identify some physical and chemical characteristics of typical carbohydrates. Differentiate between monosaccharides‚ disaccharides
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China’s demand for paint has grown at a fast pace in the past decade. In the next five years‚ both production and demand will continue to grow. Paint Markets in China examines China’s economic trends‚ investment environment‚ industry development‚ supply and demand‚ industry capacity‚ industry structure‚ marketing channels and major industry participants. Historical data (2003‚ 2008 and 2013) and long-term forecasts through 2018 and 2023 are presented. Major producers in China are profiled China’s
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Procedure: The experimental laboratory procedures were divided into two categories. First the formation of phenylmagnesium bromide‚ and second the reaction of the phenylmagnesium bromide with the carbonyl compound. However‚ before any of this could be done‚ the refluxing apparatus for the Grignard reaction was to be flame dried until no moisture remained inside because any water would cause the reagent to decompose and an alkane to form. The reaction would subsequently fail. Drierite was placed
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Community Health Nursing Benedict’s Solution What is Benedict’s Solution? Benedict’s solution‚ deep-blue alkaline solution used to test for the presence of the aldehyde functional group‚ - CHO. The substance to be tested is heated with Benedict’s solution; formation of a brick-red precipitate indicates presence of the aldehyde group. Since simple sugars (e.g.‚ glucose) give a positive test‚ the solution is used to test for the presence of glucose in urine‚ a symptom of diabetes. One liter of
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butyl cyanoacetate and corresponding aldehyde (gkharas/235_14F/235_14F_Lab_2.pdf). Objective: The objective of the work that was completed included; the scale-up double amounts of Butyl 2-Cyano-3-(3‚5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate synthesis‚ isolation‚ and purification of product of Butyl 2-Cyano-3-(3‚5-dichloro-phenyl)-2-propenoate. Experimental Materials: The chemicals used in this lab were supplied by Sigma-Aldrich. -Butyl cyanoacetate (project #131) -Aldehyde #131‚ 3‚5-Dichlorobenzaldehyde -Piperidine
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carbonyly group of the salicylaldehyde‚ the reduction of imine to amine and the addition of paraformaldehyde to proceed ring closure. The experiment prepared the product through Mannich reaction‚ a multicomponent condensation synthesis between ketone‚ aldehydes‚ enols and amines. Biosynthesis of benzoaxazines occur under reductive and nucleophilic reaction conditions. Formation of a Schiff base is necessary to perform first before reductive amination is performed. % yield of 3‚4-dihydro-3-(p-methylphenyl)-1
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