protectionism‚ public ownership‚ persasive corruption and slow growth. Indian economic policy after independence was influenced by colonial experinece‚ which was seen by Indian leaders as exploitative‚ and by those leaders’ exposure to democratic socialism as well as the progress achieved by the economy of the Soviet Union. Domestic ploicy tended towards protectionism‚ with a strong emphasis on import substitution‚ industrialisation‚ economic interventionis‚ a large public sector‚ business regulation‚ and central
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ECONOMICS conimists- 16th and 17th centuries. hysiocrats (farmers) ercantalists (traders) Father of Economics/ Father of the classical school of economic thought- Adam Smith (In 1776‚ he wrote ’An enquiry into the nature and causes of the Wealth of Nations’) According to Smith‚ self interest was an invisible hand which would work for the common benefit of the community. The Great Depression of 1929 was a phase in which supply exceeded demand. John Maynard Keynes (a British economist)
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ECM002 Business Economics Instructions: Please answer four out of the following six following questions: Question 1. Suppose Cola- Sol and Miniranda are the only two companies producing a particular type of cola drink in the soft drink industry. Both companies are considering launching a new drink with a light lemon twist. They can launch their products either at a low price or at a high price. The expected net payoffs are the following: If both companies choose a high price strategy‚ Cola-
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1. (a) Explain how a firm operating in an oligopolistic market might attempt to increase its market share. Oligopoly: A market or an industry dominated by a few firms The key point in Oligopoly is that whether the number of the firms in the industry is big or small‚ a large proportion of the market/industry’s output is shared by just a small number of firms. The number of ‘a few’ firms that dominate the market varies depending on the sections of industry. For example 90% of petrol sold in a
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ECONOMIC PROBLEMS OF PAKISTAN Pakistan was established in 1947 and since its inception; it has been surrounded by countless issues‚ some of which are confined to ill-formed/missing infrastructure‚ insufficient refined resources‚ barren or obsolete factories and technologies‚ the Kashmir controversy and other fronts also involving an ever-ready enemy to underscore its efforts towards progress. Despite being rich in natural resources‚ Pakistan has so far been a developing country with limited development
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Managerial economics Definition * economics * ADAM SMITH - According to ADAM SMITH (Father of economics)‚ economics is the “science of wealth”. According to him the acquisition of wealth is the main objective of human activity. Therefore it is necessary to study how wealth is produced. This is the subject mater of the economics… * ALFERED MARSHELL: - According to ALFERED MARSHELL‚” political economy or economics is the study of means and action in the ordinary business of life
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Chapter 1 What Is Economics? 1) All economic questions are about A) how to make money. B) what to produce. C) how to cope with scarcity. D) how to satisfy all our wants. 2) An incentive A) could be a reward but could not be a penalty. B) could be a penalty but could not be a reward. C) could be either a reward or a penalty. D) is the opposite of a tradeoff. 3) An inducement to take a particular action is called A) the marginal benefit. B) the marginal cost. C) opportunity cost
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P7.6 Optimal Input Mix. The First National Bank received 3‚000 inquiries following the latest advertisement describing its 30-month IRA accounts in the Boston World‚ a local newspaper. The most recent ad in a similar advertising campaign in Massachusetts Business‚ a regional business magazine‚ generated 1‚000 inquiries. Each newspaper ad costs $500‚ whereas each magazine ad costs $125. A. Assuming that additional ads would generate similar response rates‚ is the bank running an optimal mix of newspaper
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Economics 101 Spring 2011 Answers to Homework #1 Due 2/2/11 Directions: The homework will be collected in a box before the lecture. Please place your name‚ TA name and section number on top of the homework (legibly). Make sure you write your name as it appears on your ID so that you can receive the correct grade. Please remember the section number for the section you are registered‚ because you will need that number when you submit exams and homework. Late homework will not be accepted so make
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Types of Economic Planning Planning by Inducements Planning by inducement is often referred to as ‘indicative planning’ or ‘market incentives’ . In such type of planning‚ the market is manipulated through incentives andinducements. Accordingly‚ in this system there is persuasion rather than compulsion or deliberate enforcement of orders. Here the consumers are free to consume whatsoever they like‚ producers are free to produce whatsoever they wish. But such freedom of consumption and production
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