BACKFLUSH COSTING Definition of Backflush Costing : A streamlined cost accounting method that speeds up‚ simplifies‚ and reduces accounting effort in an environment that minimizes inventory balances‚ requires few allocations‚ uses standard costs‚ and has minimal variances from standard Product costing approach‚ used in a just - intime (jit) operating environment‚ in which costing is delayed until goods are finished. Standard costs are then flushed backward through the system to assign
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Product costing assignment 1. (a) Split into fixed costs and variable costs‚ which are both allocated based on machine hours‚ but using separate rates. Also‚ make a distinction between the costs that are more directly related to the machines (e.g.‚ depreciation‚ electricity) and those that have been allocated to the machines from other cost centers. (b) Split total machine-related costs into three types: costs related to setup‚ production‚ and maintenance of the machines. For each type of
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Process Costing Objectives ☯To understand what is process costing ☯To understand the physical flow and basic entries in a process costing system ☯To be able to calculate the production cost able in a process costing system by using the the Weighted Average method 1 Comparison of Job-Order Costing and Process Costing JobJob-order costing The oil refining process starts with a fractional distillation column. Typical Application of Process Costing Process Costing Process
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though “ABC has emerged as a tremendously useful guide to management action that can translate directly into higher profit” (Kaplan and Copper1991) It is not fair to say that Absorption costing is no longer relevant. In fact ABC does not conform to GAAP (generally accepted accounting principles). Absorption costing is conventionally used for external reports‚ filings and other statutory compliances; where all of the manufacturing costs and only manufacturing costs are needed. For example auditors
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manager should use only the less expensive input in this case. If the inputs are not perfect substitutes‚ the isoquants will have a convex shape. The campaign manager should then spend the campaign’s budget on the combination of the two inputs will that maximize the number of votes. 5. For each of the following examples‚ draw a representative isoquant. What can you say about the marginal rate of technical substitution in each case? a. A firm can hire only full-time employees to produce its
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Most manufacturers don’t have all the tools they need to reliably contain or reduce costs on products and projects. The key missing pieces typically include a view across the extended enterprise with multiple disciplines; a view of lifecycle costs‚ starting with design or project engineering and moving through supply‚ production‚ distribution‚ and‚ where relevant‚ aftermarket service; customer needs balanced with costs; forward-looking cost analysis; and a means of creating visibility and accountability
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Absorption Costing vs. Variable (Direct) Costing Absorption cost systems are widely used to prepare financial accounts. These systems are designed to absorb all production costs (variable or fixed) into costs of units produced. Absorption costs techniques allow manufacturing costs to be traced and allocated into product costs. There are different types of absorption costing systems: job order costing‚ process costing‚ and ABC costing. In job order costing‚ costs are assigned to products in batches
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Activity based costing Activity based costing is an accounting method that is created to provide manager with cost information and other that potentially affect capacity. Activity based costing is used to determine product costs for management report. This method is commonly use as a complete to the company costing system. There are two activity based costing system that most organization use. The two are the official costing system that used for preparing external financial reports and activity
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market power. Apply the quantity and price affects on revenue of any movement along a demand curve. Find the profit maximizing quantity and price of a single-price monopolist. Compute deadweight loss from a single-price monopolist. Compute marginal revenue. Define the efficiency of P = MC. Find the profit-maximizing quantity and price of a perfect-price-discriminating monopolist. Find the profit-maximizing quantity and price of an imperfect-price-discriminating monopolist. Question: Each
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MARGINAL PRODUCTIVITY THEORY: A theory used to analyze the profit-maximizing quantity of inputs (that is‚ the services of factor of productions) purchased by a firm in the production of output. Marginal-productivity theory indicates that the demand for a factor of production is based on the marginal product of the factor. In particular‚ a firm is generally willing to pay a higher price for an input that is more productive and contributes more to output. The demand for an input is thus best termed
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