The Constitution of India is the Supreme Law of India. It lays down the framework defining fundamental political principles‚ establishes the structure‚ procedures‚ powers‚ and duties of government institutions‚ and sets out fundamental rights‚ directive principles‚ and the duties of citizens. It is the longest[ written constitution of any sovereign country in the world‚ containing 448 articles in 22 parts‚ 12 schedules and 97 amendments. Besides the English version‚ there is an official Hindi translation
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fragile organizational structure‚ it won 104 out of 489 Muslim seats‚ and 70 per cent of the seats that it questioned. The Congress pride especially after it presumed power in the Provinces and its wish to grip independent entities by starting a Muslim Mass Contact Movement united the Muslims around the Muslim League. Its attempts to remove Muslim cultural identity in the Congress-governed provinces isolated the Muslims all through the Subcontinent. Such policies supported the rising Muslim awareness
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career started with the Congress in the year 1953. He then
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Nation). His birthday is observed as a national holiday. By 1940‚ Jinnah had come to believe that Indian Muslims should have their own state. In that year‚ the Muslim League‚ led by Jinnah‚ passed the Lahore Resolution‚ demanding a separate nation. During the Second World War‚ the League gained strength while leaders of the Congress were imprisoned‚ and in the elections held shortly after the war‚ it won most of the seats reserved for Muslims. Ultimately‚ the Congress and the Muslim League could not reach
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Lok Sabha. In the 16th Lok Sabha elections it won 282 seats. Indian National Congress won 44 seats. Anandiben Patel became the first ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ ❖ woman Chief Minister of Gujarat in May 2014. Sikkim Democratic Front leader Pawan Chamling was sworn in as the CM of Sikkim for a record fifth consecutive term. Biju Janata Dal president Naveen Patnaik was sworn in as the CM of Odisha for the fourth consecutive term. Congress leader Nabam Tuki became the CM of Arunachal Pradesh for the second consecutive
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and Mountbatten‚ as described in the Mountbatten Papers. Singh‚ 2009‚ pg. 435 [ 48 ] [ 49 ]. Wolpert‚ 1996‚ pg. 436 [ 50 ] [ 51 ]. Extract from Frank Moraes’s biography of Nehru. Majumdar‚ 1966‚ pg. 165 [ 52 ] [ 53 ]. Jha‚ D.C. Mahatma Gandhi: The Congress and Partition of India. New Delhi: India Research Press‚ 2004. pg. 103 [ 54 ] [ 55 ]. Mosley‚ Leonard. Last Days of the British Raj. (London: Widenfield and Nicholson‚ 1961). pg. 265 [ 56 ] [ 57 ]. Wolpert‚ 1996‚ pg. 387
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political situation in India. Many such ideologies have to be developed right from the schooling and certain schools have taken this initiative like TVSMHSS‚ Madurai. All major political parties have youth and student wings‚ such as Indian Youth Congress‚ Akhil Bharatiya Vidyarthi Parishad and Democratic Youth Federation Of India Where are youth in Indian politics? Not many. The vast bulk of these legislators are elderly or middle-aged men‚ pot-bellied‚ not highly educated‚ and not terribly
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Sardar Vallabhai Patel Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel was an Indian barrister and statesman‚ one of the leaders of the Indian National Congress and one of the founding fathers of the Republic of India. He is known to be a social leader of India who played an unparalleled role in the country’s struggle for independence and guided its integration into a united‚ independent nation. He was raised in the countryside of Gujarat in a family of Leva- Patidar. He traveled to attend schools in Nadiad‚ Petlad
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Achievements: Took active part in Non-Cooperation Movement; elected President of the Allahabad Municipal Corporation in 1924‚ and served for two years as the city’s chief executive; Presided over Congress’ annual session in Lahore in 1929 and passed a resolution demanding India’s independence; elected as Congress President in 1936‚ 1937‚ and 1946; became first Prime Minister of independent India; was one of the main architects of Non Aligned Movement. Jawaharlal Nehru‚ also known as Pandit Jawaharlal
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but was never shaken and always looked to the future with optimism. Though his party won and ruled the state in 1977-80‚ but he with an intention to build a richer and stronger Odisha‚ preferred to be involved in the National politics and helped‚ run the first non-congress National Govt. at the center. It was Odisha’s good fortune that he became the state’s Chief Minister again in 1990. It was a great and decisive political victory for the people of the state. His greatest gift to the nation was
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