Cognitive Theory of learning. The Behaviorist Paradigm (or classical and operant conditioning) teaches us that we learn based on how we interact with our environment. The Paradigm explains that the decisions we make in our environment have direct consequences‚ whether good or bad‚ and these consequences will affect our decision making capabilities‚ whether enticing us to do the action more often with good consequences or less often with bad consequences. The Cognitive Theory considers learning to be
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Considering the production of maize and shirts in Botswana‚ we can use the notion of the production possibilities curves to determine levels of efficiency‚ inefficiency‚ economic growth and technological improvement. The production possibilities curve (PPC) is a graph that shows the different quantities of the two goods (in this case‚ maize and shirts) that an economy (Botswana) could efficiently produce with the limited productive resources. To be able to illustrate this simply we assume that
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Cost and Revenue Curves J Bara ECO/533 Economics for Managerial Decision Making PA04MBA10 April 7‚ 2005 1. Total profit is the product of profit per unit and the quantity. To maximize profit‚ quantity is chosen at the point where marginal cost (MR) is equal to marginal revenue (MR) which is where the two graphs intersect. This is the ideal situation to a profit seeking company. Since price is greater than the Average Total Cost (ATC)‚ for each unit sold the profit per unit is simply the
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the hearing process. Harvey Fletcher and Wilden Munson revealed‚ among other things‚ that the human ear is not linear‚ and is not capable of detecting all frequencies equally at all sound levels‚ which has come to be known as the Fletcher-Munson Curves‚ or equal loudness contours. Harvey Fletcher and Wilden Munson discovered that our hearing is decidedly nonlinear with respect to frequency and perceived loudness‚ and they mapped this data at various the two researchers asked subjects to compare
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is the curve resulting when the above data is graphed‚ as shown below: Production Possibility Frontier The PPF shows all efficient combinations of output for this island economy when the factors of production are used to their full potential. The economy could choose to operate at less than capacity somewhere inside the curve‚ for example at point a‚ but such a combination of goods would be less than what the economy is capable of producing. A combination outside the curve such as
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11/30: (Bring pencil and calculator) Exam Review: GDP: * Y = C + I + G + ( X - M ) Pent-Up Demand “If you want to slow an economy to a screeching halt‚ make tax policy uncertain.” Fiscal Cliff: * Jan 1‚ 2013 * Bush era tax cuts expire‚ increasing tax rate for ALL income groups * Automatic spending cuts (Official) Start of the last recession: * December 2007 (Official) End of last recession: * June 2009 Chapter 16: * Not on final‚ but know the difference
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yield curve and how is it made. The yield curve‚ is a graph that depicts the relationship between bond yields and maturities‚ is an important tool in fixed-income investing and attempting to predict future recessions given its track record. Investors use the yield curve as a reference point for forecasting interest rates‚ pricing bonds and creating strategies for boosting total returns. The yield curve has also become a reliable leading indicator of economic activity.(PIMCO) A yield curve is a line
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Why the aggregate demand curve slopes downward: To answer this question‚ we recall that the components of economy’s GDP: Y = C + I + G + NX We assume that government spending is fixed. The other three components: consumption‚ investment‚ and net exports depend on economic conditions and on the price level. 1. The price level and consumption: The wealth effect: Ex: The nominal value of a dollar is fixed‚ yet‚ the real value of a dollar is not fixed. Coca Pizza 1 $ 1 0.5$ 2 → A decrease
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HBR CASE STUDY Too Far Ahead of the IT Curve? Peachtree Healthcare’s patchwork IT infrastructure is in critical condition. Should the CEO approve a shift to risky new technology or go with the time-tested monolithic system? by John P. Glaser F Daniel Vasconcellos after their squash game‚ Max Berndt drank iced tea with his board chairman‚ Paul Lefler. Max‚ a thoracic surgeon by training‚ was the CEO of Peachtree Healthcare. He’d occupied the post for nearly 12 years. In that time the
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The Phillips Curve and the Philippines According to Cristeta B. Bagsic‚ the Phillips Curve “depicts the trade-off between inflation and unemployment rate” (“The Phillips Curve and Inflation Forecasting: The Case of the Philippines”). Nowadays‚ the relationship depicted by the Phillips curve is specified in the following equation: πt = πe – γ(UR – UR*) + v where πt is the inflation rate‚ πe is the expected inflation‚ γ is a parameter‚ UR is the unemployment rate‚ UR* is the natural rate of unemployment
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