water and mineral via symplastic route continues and ended in xylem vessels. Keong BP Water and mineral are now ready for upward transport into the shoot system. Keong BP 2. Transport of Water and Minerals into Xylem. Cohesion of water molecules and adhesion of water molecules with hydrophilic walls of xylem cells assists in movement of sap from down to upward in the stem. Keong BP 1. Bulk Flow Transport via Xylem. The air in these spaces is saturated with water vapour‚ that is
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Describe the pathways AND mechanisms by which water passes from the soil to the xylem vessels in the root. (7 marks) As there is a higher water potential in the soil‚ and there is a lower water potential in the root hair cells‚ the water molecules move from the area of high potential to the area of low potential. From the soil into the roots. The process by which the molecules of water move into the root hair cells is ’osmosis’. This is a passive process‚ meaning that no energy (in the form of
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Amanda Bynes 2.1 assessment p.5 pg. 38 October 1st 1a. Describe the structure of an atom -Proton‚ neutron‚ electron 1b. An atom of calcium contains 20 protons. How many electrons does it have? -20 2b. Compare the structure of carbon-12 and carbon-13 -Carbon-12 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 6 neutrons. Carbon-14 has 6 protons‚ 6 electrons and 8 neutrons. 4a. What are two types of bonds that hold the atoms within a compound together?
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water molecule? What kind of bond holds different water molecules together? Understand how to balance a chemical equation Define hydrogen bond Describe how hydrogen bonding contributes to water’s cohesive ability Describe adhesion Describe how cohesion‚ surface tension‚ and adhesion contribute to the capillary action which moves water through plants Define heat Is heat energy potential or kinetic? Define temperature Define specific heat and describe why water’s high specific heat is important to life
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fattened blade‚ a stalk and a petiole. They have the chloroplast (with chlorophyll) and the gas exchange takes place here. 2.) Intra-organism communication is possible through the xylem and the phloem. The transpiratinal pull is due to cohesion and adhesion. Evaporative cooling will result. A plant’s defense is due to its skin: the epidermis or periderm. Another line of defense is a chemical attack that kills pathogens. This is enhanced by the inherited ability to recognize certain pathogens
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especially compared to hydrogen; thus for an oxygen-hydrogen bond: B. The polar character of water allows water molecules to form many (up to 4) hydrogen bonds. II. What properties of water are important for life? A. Cohesion of water molecules 1. Cohesion: e.g.: 2. Adhesion: e.g.: 3. Surface tension: B. Ability to moderate temperature 1. The unusual specific heat of water leads to temperature stability specific heat – High specific heat of water à temp. stability 2. 3. Evaporative
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Organisms Depend on the Cohesion of Water Molecules Hydrogen bonds hold water molecules together. When water is in liquid form‚ its hydrogen bonds continually break and re form. Molecules are continually forming re-form. new bonds with other water molecules. As a result‚ most of the water molecules are bonded to their neighbors‚ which makes water more structured than other liquids. The hydrogen bonds hold the substance together in the phenomenon called cohesion. cohesion Since the hydrogen bonds
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The Biological Importance of Water. Water is a material that is essential for all life on earth. The fact that water makes up between 60 and 95 percent of all living organisms clearly shows the biological importance of this compound. The way that water is structured and its properties lead to it being one of the most individual and vital compounds on earth. Water molecules are dipolar‚ meaning they have a positively charged and a negatively charged region. A water molecule consists of two hydrogen
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Different methods of transpiration… Water uptake from the soil: Plant roots are surrounded by soil particles. The outmost layer of cells (the epidermis) contains root hair cells that increase the surface area of the root These cells absorb minerals from the soil by active transport using ATP for energy The minerals reduced the water potential of the cell cytoplasm; this makes the water potential in the cell lower than that in the soil. Movement across a root: The movement of water across the
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and oxygen through a process of photosynthesis. The water absorbed by the roots is moved by osmosis‚ root pressure‚ adhesion‚ and cohesion from high to low areas of water potential. From the roots‚ water is transported with osmosis with a pressure pulling the water and minerals up towards the leaves. It is the transpirational pull moving it up with the help of cohesion and adhesion. Transpiration decreases the water potential causing water to move in and pull upward into the leaves and other areas
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