the stimulus going to the receptor surface. Receptors are electrically polarized cells and therefore have a resting membrane potential. Stimuli produce‚ in the appropriate receptors‚ a change in the electrical properties that is known as the receptor or generator potential. The two ways in which sensory stimuli can act on receptors to change their resting membrane potential (RMP) are by directly acting on ion channels or causing production of second messengers that act on ion channels. The two types
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terms depolarization and action potential mean the same thing? Action potential is a quick depolarization followed by a repolarization. Depolarization is a one way trip. It also takes a substantial depolarization to cause an action potential. 2. What was the threshold voltage in Activity 1? 3.0 V 3. What was the effect of increasing the voltage? How does this change correlate to changes in the nerve? there was a slight increase 4. How did the action potential generated with the unheated
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NAME: 1. Match each of the definitions in Column A with the appropriate term in Column B. Column A Column B __D__ term that refers to a membrane potential of about -70 mv __F__ reversal of membrane potential due to influx of sodium ions __B__ major cation found outside of a cell __A__ minimal stimulus needed to elicit an action potential __E__ period when cell membrane is totally insensitive to additional stimuli‚ regardless of the stimulus force applied __C__ major cation found inside
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irritability‚ conductivity‚ resting membrane potential‚ polarized‚ sodium-potassium pump‚ threshold stimulus‚ depolarization‚ action potential‚ repolarization‚ hyperpolarization‚ absolute refractory period‚ relative refractory period‚ nerve impulse‚ compound nerve action potential‚ and conduction velocity. 2. To list at least four different stimuli capable of generating an action potential. 3. To list at least two agents capable of inhibiting an action potential. 4. To describe the relationship between
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PSYCH STUDY GUIDE Neonatal Reflexes: Babinsk: big toe lifts‚ other toes fan out Moro Reflex: arms fling out and grab something when child feels like he’s falling Palmer Grasp: touch a baby’s palms and his hand closes Planter Grasp Sucking- doesn’t need to learn how to breast feed Rooting Withdrawal – reaction to pain Vigotsky’s Theory Focuses more on cultural impact on human development Believed children actively seek to discover new principles (like Piaget) Zone of proximal
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(Martini‚ 376). A Myelin sheath can be found in both nerves and neurons (Martini‚ 383). Myelin is an electrical insulation on the axon that increases the speed at which action potential travels
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neuron via the leak channels. 2. Explain why increasing extracellular K+ causes the membrane potential to change to a less negative value. How well did the results compare with your prediction? Your answer: By increasing the extracellular K+ the membrane potential will change to be a less negative value. By adding more extracellular K+ the intracellular K+ will decrease and cause the membrane potential to become less negative. This result in a increased postitve membrane was what we predicted during
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transmission of action potentials from one neuron to another. A chemical called acetylcholine is the neurotransmitter released from the presynaptic neuron. As the postsynaptic cells on the muscle cell membrane receive the acetylcholine‚ the channels for the cations sodium and potassium are opened. These cations produce a net depolarization of the cell membrane and this electrical signal travels along the muscle fibers. Through the movement of calcium ions‚ the muscle action potential is taken into
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threshold that has to be reached for action potential to be detected. For example‚ if resting membrane potential of a neuron is -70 mV and sodium ions are added it would cause the voltage to drift toward -55mV because the equilibrium potential for sodium is +60 mV. However‚ a few sodium ions would not cause the voltage to change. An extensive amount of sodium ions has to be added to the dendrite of a neuron to drop the voltage to -55 mV. When the membrane potential shifts from -70 mV towards -55 mV
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singal integration‚ it consists of the axon hillock. The signals transmitted from the first zone is integrated in this region. If the signal is strong enough‚ an action potential would be initiated. Third zone is specialized for signal conduction‚ it consists of the axon. The axon carries the information‚ usually from action potentials‚ from the cell body to the axon terminal. The fourth zone of a neuron is for signal transmission to target cells‚ it consists of the axon terminals. These axon terminals
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