LAB 6: Vertebrate Systems Review Sheet: • Tissue: Integrated group of cells with a common function • Organ: a specialized center of body function composed of several types of tissues • Organ system: a group of organs that work together to perform vital body functions • Major Organ systems in the fetal pig: o Digestive: food processing (ingestion‚ digestion‚ absorption‚ elimination) • Mouth⋄pharynx⋄Esophagus⋄stomach⋄intestines⋄ Liver⋄ Pancreas⋄anus
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Musculoskeletal Physiology Be familiar with bones and muscles of body 3 types of muscle skeletal‚ smooth‚ cardiac attaches muscle to bone‚ decreasing angle of joints during contraction proximal part of esophagus doesn’t connect to bone‚ proximal (upper) conscious control is primary skeletal‚ distal is involuntary and smooth muscle T- tubules: inside is ECS‚ deep invaginations of plasma membrane in muscle cell PM is sarcolemma allows high concentration of Ca‚ like other EC spaces (IC is
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Unit 1. Homeostasis and Integument 1. Define what is meant by homeostasis in living systems a. Homeostasis = Body wisdom ↓ ↓ Steady state * Homeostasis keeps us healthy * The means by which organisms (our body) maintain a constant internal environment in spite of fluctuations in the external environment. * This means humans have narrow limits we have to keep. 1. Body temp 2. Water content * Our blood contains 92% water and has to maintain
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Chaper 11 1. Define responsiveness‚ conductivity‚ contractility‚ extensibility‚ and elasticity. State why each of these properties is necessary for muscle function. a. Responsiveness- is a property of all living cells- Muscle and nerve cells have developed this property to the highest degree. When stimulated by chemical signals‚ stretch‚ and other stimuli‚ muscle cells respond with electrical changes across the plasma membrane. b. Conductivity- Stimulation of a muscle cell produces
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hysioEx 9.0 – Exercise 2: Skeletal Muscle Physiology Name: Chart 1: Latent Period Results Voltage Active force (g) Latent period (msec) 0.0 0.00 XXXXXXXXXX 3.0 1.04 XXXXXXXXXX 4.0 1.32 2.40 6.0 1.65 2.40 8.0 1.81 2.40 10.0 1.81 2.40 Chart 2: Effect of Stimulus Voltage on Skeletal Muscle Contraction Voltage Active force (g) 0.0 0.00 0.2 0.00 0.8 0.02 1.0 .15 1.5 .43 2.0 .66 2.5 .87 3.0 1.64 3.5 1.19 4.0 1.32 4.5 1.42 5.0 1.51 5.5 1.59 6.0 1.65 6.5 1.70 7.0 1.74 7
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Describe arm movement (flexion) when filaments are contracted. When the filament contracts‚ myosin walks along the actin filament moving the filament more each time. 5. Click on the Skeletal Muscle Cell. Muscle fibers contain bundles of myofibrils. Myofibrils are composed of smaller filaments. Identify each of these structures in the diagram. Muscle fiber Actin Filaments Myofibrils Myosin Filaments Sarcomere Titan Filaments Sarcolemma Terminal cisterns of SR
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body such as it is used in muscle contraction‚ active transport and biosynthetic reactions. ATP is also used in muscle contraction which is obviously essential for numerous animals including human beings. ATP molecules attach to the myosin heads on actin filaments which causes them to become detached. Then the enzyme ATPase (which is activated by calcium ions) hydrolyses the ATP to ADP. The energy lost from the ATP is used to move the myosin heads back to their original positions. Without this mechanism
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calcium ions into the 8) bloodstream? A) parathyroid hormone 9) Vertebrae are considered ________ bones. B) irregular TRUE/FALSE. Write ’T’ if the statement is true and ’F’ if the statement is false. 10) The thin filaments (actin) contain a polypeptide subunit G actin that seems to have no function. 10) F 11) The force of muscle contraction is controlled by multiple motor unit summation or recruitment. 11) T 12) A contraction in which the muscle does not shorten but its tension increases
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Prot. 57:765-769. Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). 2005. Listeriosis. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/listeriosis_g.htm#prevented. Accessed 21 November 2006. Charpentier‚ E.‚ Courvalin‚ P Cossart‚ P. 1995. Actin-based bacterial motility. Curr. Top. Cell Biol. 7:94-101. Cox‚ L.‚ Kleiss‚ T.‚ Cordier‚ J.‚ Cordellana‚ C.‚ Konkel‚ P.‚ Pedrazzini‚ C.‚ Beumer‚ R.‚ Siebenga‚ A. 1989. Listeria spp. in food processing‚ non-food and domestic environments. Food Microbiol
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Fish phylogenetic tree based on protein size Amanda Reed Lab partners: Lecia Redwine‚ Kyle Hatcher TA: Baneshwar Singh Biology 117‚ Section 25 Tuesday 10:30 AM Introduction Although tree diagrams have been used since the days of Charles Darwin‚ biologists have only recently adopted the tree model of evolution to read and interpret phylogenies. One of the reasons for this is the confusion that often arises from using a tree model to describe a phylogeny (Baum‚ 2008a). Many people interpret
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