study guide
A. The Patient with A Disturbance in Oxygenation Objectives: At the end of this unit the student will be able to:
1. Identify the natural defense mechanisms of the respiratory system, and correlate changes in these defense mechanisms with respiratory dysfunction.
2. Describe effects of aging on the respiratory system.
3. Identify significant assessment data that should be obtained from a patient.
4. Describe pH and the mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance.
5. Describe the common causes, pathophysiology, compensatory mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.
6. Interpret arterial blood gas results.
7. Identify the signs and symptoms of inadequate oxygenation and the implications of these findings.
8. Describe the different oxygen delivery systems, indications for use, and complications of administration.
9. Identify the signs and symptoms of inadequate airway clearance and the implications of these findings.
10. Describe effective suctioning techniques for oral and tracheal suctioning.
11. Describe the purpose, methods, and nursing management related to non-invasive and invasive respiratory care strategies (i.e., TCDB, spirometry) for patients with respiratory problems.
12. Discuss the purpose, significance, and nursing management strategies of the results of respiratory system diagnostic studies.
Key Terms:
Pleural membranes: Visceral pleura and Parietal pleura
Elastic recoil Tachypnea
Compliance Bradypnea
Atelectasis Retractions
Cyanosis Accessory muscles
Dyspnea Barrel chest
Orthopnea Kussmaul breathing
Hemoptysis Cheyne-Stokes
Hyperventilation Biot’s breathing
Hypoxia Clubbing of fingers
Hypercapnea Respiratory Acidosis
Hypoventilation Respiratory Alkalosis
Normal Lung sounds: Vesicular Metabolic Acidosis Bronchial Metabolic Alkalosis Bronchovesicular Peak flow meter
1. Identify the natural defense mechanisms of the respiratory system, and correlate changes in these defense mechanisms with respiratory dysfunction.
2. Describe effects of aging on the respiratory system.
3. Identify significant assessment data that should be obtained from a patient.
4. Describe pH and the mechanisms that regulate acid-base balance.
5. Describe the common causes, pathophysiology, compensatory mechanisms, and clinical manifestations of respiratory and metabolic acidosis and alkalosis.
6. Interpret arterial blood gas results.
7. Identify the signs and symptoms of inadequate oxygenation and the implications of these findings.
8. Describe the different oxygen delivery systems, indications for use, and complications of administration.
9. Identify the signs and symptoms of inadequate airway clearance and the implications of these findings.
10. Describe effective suctioning techniques for oral and tracheal suctioning.
11. Describe the purpose, methods, and nursing management related to non-invasive and invasive respiratory care strategies (i.e., TCDB, spirometry) for patients with respiratory problems.
12. Discuss the purpose, significance, and nursing management strategies of the results of respiratory system diagnostic studies.
Key Terms:
Pleural membranes: Visceral pleura and Parietal pleura
Elastic recoil Tachypnea
Compliance Bradypnea
Atelectasis Retractions
Cyanosis Accessory muscles
Dyspnea Barrel chest
Orthopnea Kussmaul breathing
Hemoptysis Cheyne-Stokes
Hyperventilation Biot’s breathing
Hypoxia Clubbing of fingers
Hypercapnea Respiratory Acidosis
Hypoventilation Respiratory Alkalosis
Normal Lung sounds: Vesicular Metabolic Acidosis Bronchial Metabolic Alkalosis Bronchovesicular Peak flow meter