Solubility Lab

Name: ____________________________________ Locker Number: ____________________________ CHEMISTRY 354-355 Experiment 2 SOLUBILITY

1.

Part A. Solubility of Solid Compounds. Use your observations to complete the following table, rating each system as soluble, insoluble, or partially soluble. Organic Compound Benzophenone Water Methyl Alcohol Hexane

Malonic acid

Biphenyl

2.

Considering the polarities of the compound and the solvent and the potential for hydrogen bonding, answer the following: a) There should be a difference in your results between the solubilities of biphenyl and benzophenone in methyl alcohol. What explains this difference? A. B. C. D. Biphenyl has two rings Benzophenone is more polar than biphenyl Biphenyl can form hydrogen bonds with methanol They are equally soluble.

b)

There should be a difference in your results between the solubilities of benzophenone in methyl alcohol and benzophenone in hexane. Explain this difference. A. B. C. D. Benzophenone has two rings Benzophenone has a similar polarity to methanol They are equally soluble Benzophenone has a similar polarity to hexane.

3.

Part B. Solubility of Different Alcohols. Use your observations to complete the following table, rating each system as soluble, insoluble, or partially soluble. Alcohol Methyl alcohol Water Hexane

1-Butanol

1-Octanol

4.

What explains the solubility trends that you can deduce from the results for the tests done in each solvent? A. B. C. Methyl alcohol is more like water in its structure Each alcohol can form hydrogen bonds with water As the carbon chain of each alcohol becomes longer, the alcohol becomes more hydrocarbon-like. They are all equally soluble in hexane.

D.

5.

Part C. Miscible or Immiscible Pairs. Use your observations to complete the following table, rating each pair as miscible or immiscible. System Water and ethyl alcohol Water and diethyl ether Water and methylene chloride Water and hexane Hexane and