Scholarly Visions of Post Cold War Era
Scholarly visions of the post-cold war
International system
1- Francis Fukayama’s vision of The End of History:
- He wrote the 1st versions in an extremely optimistic atmosphere during the collapse of the socialist regimes symbolized by the pulling down of the Berlin wall. His thesis is simple. The failure of communism and the disappearance of the Soviet Union have resulted in the victory of liberal democracy and capitalism.
- He declared the ultimate victory of liberal democracy & argued that it may constitute the end point of mankind’s ideological evolution & the final form of human government and as such constitute the end of the history.
- He glorifies the universalization of the political values & structures of western civilization; he refers to Hegelian philosophy to reinforce his argumentation.
- In essence, Fukayama is arguing that “the end of history” had arrived in the form of triumphant liberal democracy. But He was careful to note that “the victory of liberalism has occurred primarily in the realm of ideas or consciousness and is as yet incomplete in the real or material world
- He believed that liberal democracy is the best conceivable social-political system for fostering freedom; and therefore he also claimed that liberal democracy would not be superseded by a better or “higher” form of government. According to Fukuyama, other forms of government, from monarchy to communism to fascism, had failed because they were imperfect vehicles for freedom.
2- Samuel Huntington’s vision of A Clash of Civilizations - He was pessimistic about the future of the new world, but like Fukayama.. he was supporter for liberal democracy “ American style”.
- He was more concerned about the west values and politics, but he doesn’t believe in liberal democracy as universal. He believed that it is only for the west and the non-western culture will have their own path.
- He argued that non- western states will band together against the west instead of joining
International system
1- Francis Fukayama’s vision of The End of History:
- He wrote the 1st versions in an extremely optimistic atmosphere during the collapse of the socialist regimes symbolized by the pulling down of the Berlin wall. His thesis is simple. The failure of communism and the disappearance of the Soviet Union have resulted in the victory of liberal democracy and capitalism.
- He declared the ultimate victory of liberal democracy & argued that it may constitute the end point of mankind’s ideological evolution & the final form of human government and as such constitute the end of the history.
- He glorifies the universalization of the political values & structures of western civilization; he refers to Hegelian philosophy to reinforce his argumentation.
- In essence, Fukayama is arguing that “the end of history” had arrived in the form of triumphant liberal democracy. But He was careful to note that “the victory of liberalism has occurred primarily in the realm of ideas or consciousness and is as yet incomplete in the real or material world
- He believed that liberal democracy is the best conceivable social-political system for fostering freedom; and therefore he also claimed that liberal democracy would not be superseded by a better or “higher” form of government. According to Fukuyama, other forms of government, from monarchy to communism to fascism, had failed because they were imperfect vehicles for freedom.
2- Samuel Huntington’s vision of A Clash of Civilizations - He was pessimistic about the future of the new world, but like Fukayama.. he was supporter for liberal democracy “ American style”.
- He was more concerned about the west values and politics, but he doesn’t believe in liberal democracy as universal. He believed that it is only for the west and the non-western culture will have their own path.
- He argued that non- western states will band together against the west instead of joining