revision notes unit 1 health and social care growth and development
Infancy: 0-2 years
Childhood: 3-8 years
Adolescence: 9-18 years
Early Adulthood: 19-45 years
Middle Adulthood: 45-65 years
Later adulthood: 65+ years
Conception
Pituitary gland signal to ovaries, release ovum
Ovum travels down fallopian tubes (24 hours until it dies) can be fertilised
From ejaculation sperm reaches & enters egg.
Nuclei fuse together (½ genes mum, ½ genes dad)
Fertilised egg travels to swelled/thickened lining of uterus
Neonate: newborn baby – helpless, not control movement or care for self
Cephalo-Caudal development: from ‘head-to-tail’, organs, limbs, bones
Bones and limbs develop quickest during infancy (after organs)
Epiphyses: plates of cartilage between bone ends + shafts still in ossification
Ossification: epiphyses into bone. Bone no longer grows
Puberty: girls grow, then males. Reproductive organs develop, hormones – menstrual cycle control. Endocrine gland hormones (pregnancy, birth, breastfeeding)
Endocrine Glands: reproduce hormones in adolescence; circulate body in blood stream, controlling bodily function
Thymus Gland: Associated with immune system
Continuous weight gain in middle adulthood: maintain eating patterns, reduce physical activity and increase in fat cells.
Conception to Birth
Ovulation – pituitary gland signal to ovary to release ovum, travel down fallopian tubes
Fertilisation – sperm released at orgasm travel through cervix, uterus to ovum in fallopian tube. Sperm enters, nuclei fuse. ½ DNA mum/ ½ dad (Sex determined) zygote formed.
Zygote to Embryo – zygote divide by mitosis, form human, placenta and amnion. First 8 weeks zygote becomes embryo (all major organs formed, harmful substances can harm developmental period)
Embryo to foetus – next 32 weeks, embryo becomes foetus + continues development
Birth – contractions + labour, neonate relies on parent for survival (no bladder control, no movement control, only absorb milk in digestive system)
Key aspects of
Childhood: 3-8 years
Adolescence: 9-18 years
Early Adulthood: 19-45 years
Middle Adulthood: 45-65 years
Later adulthood: 65+ years
Conception
Pituitary gland signal to ovaries, release ovum
Ovum travels down fallopian tubes (24 hours until it dies) can be fertilised
From ejaculation sperm reaches & enters egg.
Nuclei fuse together (½ genes mum, ½ genes dad)
Fertilised egg travels to swelled/thickened lining of uterus
Neonate: newborn baby – helpless, not control movement or care for self
Cephalo-Caudal development: from ‘head-to-tail’, organs, limbs, bones
Bones and limbs develop quickest during infancy (after organs)
Epiphyses: plates of cartilage between bone ends + shafts still in ossification
Ossification: epiphyses into bone. Bone no longer grows
Puberty: girls grow, then males. Reproductive organs develop, hormones – menstrual cycle control. Endocrine gland hormones (pregnancy, birth, breastfeeding)
Endocrine Glands: reproduce hormones in adolescence; circulate body in blood stream, controlling bodily function
Thymus Gland: Associated with immune system
Continuous weight gain in middle adulthood: maintain eating patterns, reduce physical activity and increase in fat cells.
Conception to Birth
Ovulation – pituitary gland signal to ovary to release ovum, travel down fallopian tubes
Fertilisation – sperm released at orgasm travel through cervix, uterus to ovum in fallopian tube. Sperm enters, nuclei fuse. ½ DNA mum/ ½ dad (Sex determined) zygote formed.
Zygote to Embryo – zygote divide by mitosis, form human, placenta and amnion. First 8 weeks zygote becomes embryo (all major organs formed, harmful substances can harm developmental period)
Embryo to foetus – next 32 weeks, embryo becomes foetus + continues development
Birth – contractions + labour, neonate relies on parent for survival (no bladder control, no movement control, only absorb milk in digestive system)
Key aspects of