Introduction to CNS
Introduction To Central
Nervous System
Neuropharmacology
SPH 3014
Introduction to CNS
• CNS is composed of brain and spinal cord.
• Primary function are to coordinate and control the activity of other body systems.
• Involved the synaptic processes which release different kind of neurotransmitters
– Ach, NE, Serotonin, Dopamine etc
– Some mental illnesses & pathological conditions are associated with abnormal changes in the amount or activity of neurotransmitter
– Many drugs that act on the CNS do so by affecting neurotransmitter concentrations and activity.
Division of Nervous System
Parts of the brain
• 3 main parts
– Cerebrum ( brooomm broommm..)
– Brainstem
– Cerebellum
Cerebrum
• Controlled all the higher intellectual abilities of human beings
• Largest and uppermost part of the brain
• Divided into right and left cerebral hemisphere – Outer cerebral cortex
– Inner cerebral medulla
Cerebral Cortex
•Your “thinking brain”
•It’s convoluted (folded) to have more space
•In general, the larger the cortex the more intelligent the species is…. Cerebral Cortex
• Contains the cell bodies of neurons (gray matter) that control the voluntary activity of the body
• The cortex is subdivided into 4 main lobe:
– Frontal lobes (Control of muscle movement, the motor components of speech, abstract thinking & problem solving activity)
– Parietal lobes (Sensory sensation eg; touch, pressure, pain, temperature & vibration)
– Temporal lobes (memory & language functions)
– Occipital lobes (vision)
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Medulla
• Composed of myelinated axons (white matter) of the neurons.
• The axons conduct nerve impulses to and from different areas of the nervous system.
• There are a group of cell bodies (gray matter) in the medulla known as basal ganglia or extrapyramidal system.
– Basal ganglia involved in the regulation of motor activity – Degeneration of basal ganglia is
Nervous System
Neuropharmacology
SPH 3014
Introduction to CNS
• CNS is composed of brain and spinal cord.
• Primary function are to coordinate and control the activity of other body systems.
• Involved the synaptic processes which release different kind of neurotransmitters
– Ach, NE, Serotonin, Dopamine etc
– Some mental illnesses & pathological conditions are associated with abnormal changes in the amount or activity of neurotransmitter
– Many drugs that act on the CNS do so by affecting neurotransmitter concentrations and activity.
Division of Nervous System
Parts of the brain
• 3 main parts
– Cerebrum ( brooomm broommm..)
– Brainstem
– Cerebellum
Cerebrum
• Controlled all the higher intellectual abilities of human beings
• Largest and uppermost part of the brain
• Divided into right and left cerebral hemisphere – Outer cerebral cortex
– Inner cerebral medulla
Cerebral Cortex
•Your “thinking brain”
•It’s convoluted (folded) to have more space
•In general, the larger the cortex the more intelligent the species is…. Cerebral Cortex
• Contains the cell bodies of neurons (gray matter) that control the voluntary activity of the body
• The cortex is subdivided into 4 main lobe:
– Frontal lobes (Control of muscle movement, the motor components of speech, abstract thinking & problem solving activity)
– Parietal lobes (Sensory sensation eg; touch, pressure, pain, temperature & vibration)
– Temporal lobes (memory & language functions)
– Occipital lobes (vision)
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Cortex
Cerebral Medulla
• Composed of myelinated axons (white matter) of the neurons.
• The axons conduct nerve impulses to and from different areas of the nervous system.
• There are a group of cell bodies (gray matter) in the medulla known as basal ganglia or extrapyramidal system.
– Basal ganglia involved in the regulation of motor activity – Degeneration of basal ganglia is